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Paleoethnobotanical evidence points to agricultural mutualism among early camelid pastoralists of the Andean central Altiplano
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-07 , DOI: 10.1007/s12520-021-01343-y
BrieAnna S. Langlie , José M. Capriles

Through paleoethnobotanical analysis, we illustrate mutualism between herding and cultivating crops among early Andean mobile pastoralists who lived in the Iroco region of the Central Altiplano of Bolivia during the Formative period (1500 BCE - 500 CE). These pastoralists, known as the Wankarani culture, cultivated quinoa, kañawa, and tubers even though they were mobile pastoralists. Cultivating these crops improved food security for the Wankarani and enhanced the landscape for pastoral production. In turn, a pastoral lifestyle enhanced agricultural productivity. Based on the absence of non-local plant remains, such as maize, or other exotic materials, there is no evidence that the Wankarani were involved in the early interregional llama caravan trade networks that underpinned the development of cities and states in the region. These findings demonstrate that herding and crop cultivation interact in unique ways that lead to farming strategies, crop varieties, and opportunities that would not otherwise exist. Above all, this article brings attention to the role of Andean pastoralists in the development of early agricultural programs.



中文翻译:

古民族植物学证据表明安第斯高原中部早期骆驼牧民之间的农业共生主义

通过古民族植物学分析,我们说明了形成时期(公元前 1500 年 - 公元 500 年)生活在玻利维亚中部高原伊洛科地区的早期安第斯流动牧民之间放牧和种植作物之间的共生关系。这些被称为 Wankarani 文化的牧民种植藜麦、kañawa 和块茎,尽管他们是流动牧民。种植这些作物改善了万卡拉尼人的粮食安全,并改善了牧区生产的景观。反过来,田园生活方式提高了农业生产力。由于缺乏非本地植物遗骸,例如玉米或其他外来材料,没有证据表明 Wankarani 参与了支撑该地区城市和州发展的早期跨地区美洲驼商队贸易网络。这些发现表明,放牧和作物种植以独特的方式相互作用,从而产生原本不存在的耕作策略、作物品种和机会。最重要的是,本文引起了对安第斯牧民在早期农业计划发展中的作用的关注。

更新日期:2021-06-07
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