Traditional gender beliefs play an important role in (re-)producing gender inequalities, and trends towards gender egalitarianism have stalled. As such, identifying factors that contribute to individuals upholding traditional versus egalitarian gender attitudes is an important scholarly endeavour. While previous studies have identified critical predictors—such as religion, education and parenthood—intergenerational influences have received comparatively little empirical attention. Drawing upon gender-socialization theory, we derive hypotheses about how parental attitudes towards gender are transmitted to their children, considering differences between mothers' and fathers' influences, parental (dis)agreement in attitudes, and moderation by child's gender. We test these hypotheses using high-quality data from a national sample of Australian 14/15-year-old adolescents (Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, n = 1806). We find substantial intergenerational associations in gender ideology. Paternal and maternal attitudes exert a similar degree of influence on their children's attitudes, and have complementary rather than cumulative effects. While fathers' attitudes influence sons' and daughters' attitudes equally, mothers' attitudes influence daughters' attitudes more than sons'.

传统的性别信仰在（重新）产生性别不平等方面发挥着重要作用，性别平等主义的趋势已经停滞。因此，确定有助于个人坚持传统与平等性别态度的因素是一项重要的学术努力。虽然之前的研究已经确定了关键的预测因素——例如宗教、教育和父母身份——但代际影响却相对较少受到实证关注。借鉴性别社会化理论，我们推导出关于父母对性别的态度如何传递给他们的孩子的假设，考虑到母亲和父亲的影响之间的差异、父母在态度上的（不）同意以及孩子性别的缓和。n  = 1806)。我们在性别意识形态中发现了大量的代际关联。父亲和母亲的态度对其子女的态度产生相似程度的影响，并且具有互补而非累积效应。虽然父亲的态度同样影响儿子和女儿的态度，但母亲的态度对女儿的态度影响大于儿子的态度。