In the literature on morality issues, the most famous typology distinguishes countries from the “religious” and “secular” worlds, based on the presence or absence of partisan religious cleavages. Portugal belongs to the former world, yet in 2018, the Portuguese Parliament passed a law on the self-determination of gender identity. This article asks how such an outcome was possible, focusing on the role of political parties and civil society actors within advocacy coalitions. Our analysis reveals that, in addition to the role played by civil society actors, the “change coalition” won the dispute because it assembled a majority of votes in the parliament from left-wing progressive political parties. Moreover, actors from the “change coalition” developed a clear strategy of articulation before and during the debate. In contrast, the “blocking coalition,” composed of right-wing political parties and a few health-related actors, failed to define a coherent advocacy strategy.

中文翻译：

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辩论葡萄牙的性别认同自决法：讨论道德问题时政治和民间社会行动者倡导联盟的组成和动态

在有关道德问题的文献中，最著名的类型学根据党派宗教分歧的存在与否将国家与“宗教”和“世俗”世界区分开来。葡萄牙属于前世界，但在 2018 年，葡萄牙议会通过了一项关于性别认同自决的法律。本文探讨了这样的结果是如何可能的，重点关注政党和公民社会参与者在倡导联盟中的作用。我们的分析表明，除了民间社会参与者所扮演的角色之外，“变革联盟”赢得了这场争论，因为它在议会中获得了左翼进步政党的多数选票。此外，来自“变革联盟”的参与者在辩论之前和辩论期间制定了明确的表达策略。相比之下，