Although lake dunes are widespread in drylands, their formation, influenced by complex aeolian-fluvial interactions, remains unclear. This study focuses on the dunes around Cuona Lake on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. By combining wind simulation and flow calculation with physical and chemical analyses of the sediments (grain size parameter statistics, elemental composition), we infer the processes of lake dune formation in this semi-arid intramontane basin. Meteorological data were used to resolve the temporal variations in wind and precipitation, and sediment transport pathways were identified from simulations based on wind and topographic data. Grain size and elemental analyses of sediment samples were used to characterize the physical and chemical composition of the Cuona Lake Basin dunes and related sediments. Our results show that dune formation in the Cuona Lake Basin occurs under the alternating control of wind and water processes. Dunes form mainly from sediment transported from the lake beach by westerly winds in the winter and spring; rivers flowing in the opposite direction (eastward) in the summer transport dune sand back to the lake beach. This process accounts for the recycling of sand in the landscape. This spatiotemporal coupling between hydrodynamic and wind transport pathways provides a continuous sediment supply for dune formation around the lake.

尽管湖沙丘在旱地广泛分布，但它们的形成受复杂的风-河流相互作用的影响仍不清楚。本研究以青藏高原错那湖周围的沙丘为研究对象。通过将风模拟和流量计算与沉积物的物理和化学分析（粒度参数统计、元素组成）相结合，我们推断了这个半干旱的山内盆地湖泊沙丘的形成过程。气象数据用于解决风和降水的时间变化，并通过基于风和地形数据的模拟确定沉积物运输路径。沉积物样品的粒度和元素分析用于表征错那湖盆地沙丘和相关沉积物的物理和化学组成。我们的研究结果表明，错那湖流域沙丘的形成是在风和水过程的交替控制下发生的。沙丘主要由冬春季西风从湖滩运来的泥沙形成；夏季向相反方向（向东）流动的河流将沙丘沙运回湖滩。这个过程解释了景观中沙子的循环利用。水动力和风传输路径之间的这种时空耦合为湖泊周围的沙丘形成提供了连续的沉积物供应。夏季向相反方向（向东）流动的河流将沙丘沙运回湖滩。这个过程解释了景观中沙子的循环利用。水动力和风传输路径之间的这种时空耦合为湖泊周围的沙丘形成提供了连续的沉积物供应。夏季向相反方向（向东）流动的河流将沙丘沙运回湖滩。这个过程解释了景观中沙子的循环利用。水动力和风传输路径之间的这种时空耦合为湖泊周围的沙丘形成提供了连续的沉积物供应。