Calotropis procera leaf is one of the plants commonly utilized in phytomedicine in Nigeria. The present investigation explored the use of the extracts on cell viability and apoptosis respectively. In this study, the expression of the Cluster of differentiation 146 (CD146) in the blood of lung cancer patients on regulatory T cells (Tregs) was determined. The antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects of methanol extracts of Caloropis procera leaf on lung cancer cell H1299 were investigated. From the flow cytometry, the expression of the CD146+ in the T cells were evaluated using the healthy patient, adenocarcinoma, squamous, and small cell lung cancer respectively. The apoptosis of granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, CD4+, and Treg were determined by 7-amino-actinomycin D/Annexin V-Allophycocyanin (APC) staining during the resting stage and after 24 h respectively. Immunofluorescence was conducted. Cell viability assay, hydroxyl (OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging radicals were conducted. Reducing power and flavonoid content of Calotropis procera were investigated. The effect of the Calotropis procera at different concentrations at 24hrs was determined. From the flow cytometry, the expression of the CD146+ on the T cells includes 4.60 % in healthy patients, 10.10, 12.20, 9.80 % in adenocarcinoma, squamous and small cell lung cancer. The apoptosis of granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, CD4+ and Treg were determined by 7-amino-actinomycin D/Annexin V-APC staining during the resting stage and after 24 h which indicate that apoptosis also occurred on Treg. Immunofluorescence shows the presence of CD146 in lung cancer patient’s tissues. The methanol extracts of Calotropis procera leaf have antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects. Methanol extract of Calotropis procera leaf reduced CD146 expression on blood cells at 24 h. Increased CD146 expression in the Treg of lung cancer patients indicates that it may be a possible target for the treatment of lung cancer by utilizing potent immunotherapy or natural products such as methanol extract of Calotropis procera leaf which may ameliorate the expression of CD146. Calotropis procera has antioxidant, inhibitory capacity on H1299 lung cancer cells, and the ability to scavenge OH, H2O2, and NO radicals. Hence, this investigation strengthens the phyto-medicinal properties of Calotropis procera.

中文翻译：

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Calotropis procera叶甲醇提取物对肺癌细胞 (H1299) 的抗增殖、抗氧化作用及其对血细胞 CD146 表达的改善作用

Calotropis procera 叶是尼日利亚植物医学中常用的植物之一。本研究分别探讨了提取物对细胞活力和细胞凋亡的影响。在这项研究中，确定了肺癌患者血液中调节性 T 细胞 (Tregs) 上分化簇 146 (CD146) 的表达。研究了马蹄莲叶甲醇提取物对肺癌细胞 H1299 的抗氧化和抗增殖作用。从流式细胞术中，分别使用健康患者、腺癌、鳞癌和小细胞肺癌评估了 T 细胞中 CD146+ 的表达。粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、CD4+、和 Treg 分别通过 7-氨基-放线菌素 D/膜联蛋白 V-别藻蓝蛋白 (APC) 染色在静息期和 24 小时后测定。进行了免疫荧光。进行细胞活力测定、羟基(OH)、过氧化氢(H2O2)和一氧化氮(NO)清除自由基。研究了Calotropis procera 的还原力和黄酮含量。确定了不同浓度的 Calotropis procera 在 24 小时内的作用。从流式细胞术来看，T细胞上CD146+的表达包括健康患者的4.60%，腺癌、鳞癌和小细胞肺癌的10.10、12.20、9.80%。粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞的凋亡，CD4+和Treg在静息期和24小时后通过7-氨基-放线菌素D/Annexin V-APC染色确定，表明Treg也发生细胞凋亡。免疫荧光显示肺癌患者组织中存在 CD146。Calotropis procera 叶的甲醇提取物具有抗氧化和抗增殖作用。Calotropis procera 叶的甲醇提取物在 24 小时后降低了血细胞上 CD146 的表达。肺癌患者 Treg 中 CD146 表达的增加表明，它可能是利用强效免疫疗法或天然产物（例如可改善 CD146 表达的 Calotropis procera 叶甲醇提取物）治疗肺癌的可能靶点。Calotropis procera 具有抗氧化、抑制 H1299 肺癌细胞的能力，以及清除 OH、H2O2、并且没有自由基。因此，这项研究加强了 Calotropis procera 的植物药用特性。