Lymphocytic esophagitis is a newly recognized entity of unknown origin. Dysphagia is defined as difficulty swallowing and represents a common symptom in the general population with a prevalence of approximately 20%. Chronic inflammation of the esophageal wall may manifest itself clinically and endoscopically, mimicking inflammation of another origin. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of the disease, as patients are seldom suspected and rarely diagnosed with lymphocytic esophagitis. Here, we present a rare case of lymphocytic esophagitis in a patient with multiple allergies and suspected eosinophilic esophagitis. A 28-year-old woman with polyvalent sensitization to food and inhalant allergens presented with intermittent dysphagia, a sensation of a foreign body in the throat, itchiness of the oral cavity after ingesting certain foods, heartburn, and prolonged chewing time. A skin prick test showed positive results for birch-tree, alder, hazel, and rye pollen, as well as house dust mites. Apart from obesity (BMI 30 kg/m2), multiple pustules and excoriations on the skin, her physical examination was insignificant. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed revealing full-length but discrete trachealization of the esophagus. A barium swallow test showed slowing of esophageal peristalsis in the recumbent position. No esophageal pathology was observed. A histopathological analysis of mucosal samples revealed slight hyperplasia of the basal layer of the esophagus, and the stomach showed changes typical of chronic gastritis. In summary, this clinical case illustrates that lymphocytic esophagitis, as a newly recognized entity, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic dysphagia. Additionally, when treating allergic patients, clinicians should be aware that lymphocytic esophagitis, distinct from eosinophilic esophagitis, should be considered in the diagnosis of patients with atopy and upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

中文翻译：

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多发性过敏女性淋巴细胞性食管炎一例

淋巴细胞性食管炎是一种新发现的来源不明的实体。吞咽困难被定义为吞咽困难，是一般人群的常见症状，患病率约为 20%。食管壁的慢性炎症可能在临床和内窥镜下表现出来，类似于其他起源的炎症。然而，对该疾病的发病机制知之甚少，因为患者很少被怀疑并且很少被诊断为淋巴细胞性食管炎。在这里，我们介绍一例罕见的淋巴细胞性食管炎病例，该病例患有多种过敏症并疑似嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎。一名 28 岁女性，对食物和吸入性过敏原多价敏感，表现为间歇性吞咽困难、喉咙有异物感、摄入某些食物后口腔发痒，胃灼热，咀嚼时间延长。皮肤点刺试验显示桦树、桤木、榛树和黑麦花粉以及屋尘螨呈阳性。除了肥胖（BMI 30 kg/m2）、多处脓疱和皮肤表皮剥落外，她的体检并无明显差异。食管胃十二指肠镜检查 (EGD) 显示食管全长但不连续的气管化。钡餐吞咽试验显示卧位时食管蠕动减慢。未观察到食管病理。黏膜样本的组织病理学分析显示食道基底层轻度增生，胃表现出慢性胃炎的典型变化。总之，这个临床病例说明淋巴细胞性食管炎作为一种新发现的实体，慢性吞咽困难的鉴别诊断应考虑。此外，在治疗过敏性患者时，临床医生应注意淋巴细胞性食管炎与嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎不同，应在诊断有特应性和上消化道症状的患者时考虑。