Recent social justice movements call for an increased focus on workplace diversity, equity, and inclusion. Given the large proportion of working mothers who return to work after having a baby, research about lactation, work, and human resources issues is sorely needed to increase knowledge and understanding of working and lactating mothers' needs so that they feel welcome, respected, and supported in the workplace. For mothers who feed their baby breastmilk, concurrently managing work responsibilities and lactation demands can be a substantial source of employee stress and can create work-family conflict. Research on workplace lactation across a variety of disciplines has increased over the past decade. As attention to lactation is slowly increasing in the management and organizational behavior literature, synthesizing research from other domains into the organizational and managerial sciences is a critical precursor to facilitating future research in the field as well as translating that research into meaningful action in organizations. We contribute to filling this gap, by reviewing and coalescing research across relevant domains, grounding it in extant theory, and offering a conceptual model suggesting the critical antecedents that facilitate employee lactation behaviors, and the work-related moderators that meaningfully impact those relationships. Finally, we offer recommendations to guide future research both methodologically and substantively so as to advance management theory and research surrounding employee lactation at work, and offer practical implications for organizations as well as for public policy.

最近的社会正义运动呼吁更加关注工作场所的多样性、公平和包容性。鉴于大部分在职母亲在生完孩子后重返工作岗位，迫切需要对哺乳、工作和人力资源问题进行研究，以增加对工作和哺乳母亲需求的了解和理解，让她们感到受欢迎、受到尊重和在工作场所得到支持。对于喂养婴儿母乳的母亲来说，同时管理工作职责和哺乳需求可能是员工压力的重要来源，并可能造成工作与家庭冲突。在过去十年中，跨学科的工作场所哺乳研究有所增加。随着管理和组织行为学文献中对哺乳期的关注逐渐增加，将其他领域的研究综合到组织和管理科学中，是促进该领域未来研究以及将研究转化为组织中有意义的行动的关键先导。我们通过回顾和整合跨相关领域的研究，以现有理论为基础，并提供一个概念模型，提出促进员工哺乳行为的关键前因，以及对这些关系产生有意义影响的与工作相关的调节因素，从而为填补这一空白做出了贡献。最后，我们提出建议，以在方法论和实质上指导未来的研究，以推进围绕员工哺乳期的管理理论和研究，并为组织和公共政策提供实际意义。