ABSTRACT

Immigration policies have a considerable impact on the influx and settlement process of immigrants, including ways and routes of immigration, regularisation, access to public services (such as education, housing and medical services), entry into the labour market, family reunification and access to citizenship. Consequently, changes in immigration policy determine the pace and direction of migrant integration and status mobility in host countries. Drawing from 64 semi-structured in-depth interviews with Indian immigrants in Spain, this paper explores the perceived effects of changes in immigration policies in Spain on immigration conditions, status mobility and integration of Indian immigrants, and strategies adopted by them to deal with these policies, during the period between 1985 and 2018. Results show that the Spanish immigration policies had several unintended negative effects on immigration conditions, regularisation, family reunification and access to Spanish citizenship, which in turn have slowed down their pace of integration and upward social mobility.

摘要

移民政策对移民的涌入和定居过程有相当大的影响，包括移民的方式和途径、正规化、获得公共服务（如教育、住房和医疗服务）、进入劳动力市场、家庭团聚和获得国籍。因此，移民政策的变化决定了东道国移民融合和身份流动的步伐和方向。本文通过对西班牙印度移民的 64 次半结构化深度访谈，探讨了西班牙移民政策变化对印度移民的移民条件、身份流动和融合的感知影响，以及他们采取的应对策略1985 年至 2018 年期间的政策。