Life-history traits of Pacific (Clupea pallasii) and Atlantic (Clupea harengus) herring, comprising both local and oceanic stocks subdivided into summer-autumn and spring spawners, were extensively reviewed. The main parameters investigated were body growth, condition, and reproductive investment. Body size of Pacific herring increased with increasing latitude. This pattern was inconsistent for Atlantic herring. Pacific and local Norwegian herring showed comparable body conditions, whereas oceanic Atlantic herring generally appeared stouter. Among Atlantic herring, summer and autumn spawners produced many small eggs compared to spring spawners, which had fewer but larger eggs—findings agreeing with statements given several decades ago. The 26 herring stocks we analysed, when combined across distant waters, showed clear evidence of a trade-off between fecundity and egg size. The size-specific individual variation, often ignored, was substantial. Additional information on biometrics clarified that oceanic stocks were generally larger and had longer life spans than local herring stocks, probably related to their longer feeding migrations. Body condition was only weakly, positively related to assumingly in situ annual temperatures (0–30 m depth). Contrarily, body growth (cm × y⁻¹), taken as an integrator of ambient environmental conditions, closely reflected the extent of investment in reproduction. Overall, Pacific and local Norwegian herring tended to cluster based on morphometric and reproductive features, whereas oceanic Atlantic herring clustered separately. Our work underlines that herring stocks are uniquely adapted to their habitats in terms of trade-offs between fecundity and egg size whereas reproductive investment mimics the productivity of the water in question.

太平洋（Clupea pallasii）和大西洋（Clupea harengus）的生活史特征) 鲱鱼，包括本地和海洋种群，细分为夏秋季产卵和春季产卵鱼，进行了广泛审查。调查的主要参数是身体生长、状况和生殖投资。太平洋鲱鱼的体型随着纬度的增加而增加。这种模式对于大西洋鲱鱼来说是不一致的。太平洋和当地的挪威鲱鱼表现出类似的身体状况，而大西洋鲱鱼通常显得更粗壮。在大西洋鲱鱼中，与春季产卵鱼相比，夏季和秋季产卵鱼产生了许多小卵，春季产卵鱼的卵较少但较大——调查结果与几十年前的陈述一致。我们分析的 26 种鲱鱼种群在远洋水域结合时，显示出繁殖力和蛋大小之间存在权衡的明确证据。尺寸特定的个体差异，经常被忽视，是实质性的。有关生物识别技术的其他信息表明，海洋种群通常比当地鲱鱼种群更大，寿命更长，这可能与它们较长的觅食迁移有关。身体状况仅与假设的原位年温度（0-30 m 深度）呈微弱正相关。相反，体长（cm × y⁻¹ )，作为周围环境条件的综合体，密切反映了对再生产的投资程度。总体而言，太平洋和当地挪威鲱鱼倾向于根据形态测量和繁殖特征聚集，而大西洋鲱鱼则分别聚集。我们的工作强调，鲱鱼种群在繁殖力和鸡蛋大小之间的权衡方面非常适合它们的栖息地，而生殖投资则模仿了相关水的生产力。