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EXPRESS: Trajectories of verbal fluency and executive functions in multilingual and monolingual children and adults: A cross-sectional study
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-06 , DOI: 10.1177/17470218211026792
Roberto Filippi 1, 2 , Andrea Ceccolini 2 , Peter Bright 2, 3
Affiliation  

The development of verbal fluency is associated with the maturation of executive function skills, such as the ability to inhibit irrelevant information, shift between tasks and hold information in working memory. Some evidence suggests that multilinguistic upbringing may underpin disadvantages in verbal fluency and lexical retrieval, but can also afford executive function advantages beyond the language system including possible beneficial effects in older age. This study examined the relationship between verbal fluency and executive function in 324 individuals across the lifespan by assessing the developmental trajectories of English monolingual and multilingual children aged 7 to 15 years (N=154) and adults from 18 to 80 years old (N=170). The childhood data indicated patterns of improvement in verbal fluency and executive function skills as a function of age. Multilingual and monolingual children had comparable developmental trajectories in all linguistic and non-linguistic measures used in the study with the exception of planning, for which monolingual children showed a steeper improvement over the studied age range relative to multilingual children. For adults, monolinguals and multilingual participants had comparable performance on all measures with the exception of non-verbal inhibitory control and response times on the Tower of London task: monolinguals showed a steeper decline associated with age. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that verbal fluency was associated with working memory and fluid intelligence in monolingual participants but not in multilinguals. These findings raise the possibility that early acquisition of an additional language may impact on the development of the functional architecture serving high-level human cognition.



中文翻译:

EXPRESS:多语种和单语种儿童和成人语言流畅性和执行功能的轨迹:横断面研究

语言流畅性的发展与执行功能技能的成熟有关,例如抑制无关信息的能力、任务之间的转换以及在工作记忆中保存信息的能力。一些证据表明,多语言教养可能会导致语言流畅性和词汇检索方面的劣势,但也可以提供语言系统以外的执行功能优势,包括可能对老年产生有益影响。本研究通过评估 7 至 15 岁英语单语和多语儿童(N=154)和 18 至 80 岁成人(N=170 )。儿童时期的数据表明,随着年龄的增长,语言流畅性和执行功能技能的改善模式。除了计划之外,多语言和单语儿童在研究中使用的所有语言和非语言措施中都有可比的发展轨迹,与多语言儿童相比,单语儿童在所研究的年龄范围内表现出更大的进步。对于成年人,除了非语言抑制控制和伦敦塔任务的响应时间外,单语者和多语者在所有措施上的表现都相当:单语者显示出与年龄相关的急剧下降。探索性因素分析表明,语言流畅性与单语参与者的工作记忆和流体智力相关,但与多语者无关。

更新日期:2021-06-07
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