Independent mobility (IM) provides young people with many opportunities to increase their autonomy and physical activity (PA). This study aimed to analyse whether the parent’s PA, active commuting to work and sociodemographic factors serve as predictors of IM to school in children and adolescents. A total of 684 parents (52.8% mothers) and their offspring (56.4% girls) were included in this study, which was performed in Granada (Spain) and Valparaíso (Chile). The parents self-reported their sociodemographic characteristics, PA and mode of commuting to work. The mode of commuting to and from school and the offspring accompaniment mode were reported. T-test and chi-square test were used to study quantitative and qualitative differences by parental gender, respectively. Binary logistic regression models (odds ratio = OR) and stepwise analysis were performed to study the association between the parents’ sociodemographic variables and IM to school. Adolescents showed higher IM to school than children (58.9% vs 40.2%; p < 0.001). No car availability and shorter distance to work were positively associated with higher IM to school in children (OR = 2.22 and 2.29, respectively). Mothers' lower salary/month (OR = 2.75), no car availability (OR = 3.17), and mother passive commuting to work (OR = 2.61) were positively associated with higher IM to school in adolescents. The main predictor of IM to school in children and adolescents was no car availability (OR = 6.53). Parental sociodemographic factors, such as salary, distance to work and car availability, were associated more strongly with IM than parental PA and active commuting to work.

中文翻译：

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父母的社会人口因素、体育活动和积极通勤是独立上学的预测因素

独立移动 (IM) 为年轻人提供了许多机会来增加他们的自主性和身体活动 (PA)。本研究旨在分析父母的体力活动、积极通勤上班和社会人口因素是否可以作为儿童和青少年 IM 上学的预测因素。共有 684 名父母（52.8% 的母亲）及其后代（56.4% 的女孩）参与了这项研究，该研究在格拉纳达（西班牙）和瓦尔帕莱索（智利）进行。父母自我报告了他们的社会人口学特征、PA 和通勤方式。报告了上下学的通勤方式和后代陪伴方式。T检验和卡方检验分别用于研究父母性别的定量和定性差异。进行二元逻辑回归模型（优势比 = OR）和逐步分析以研究父母的社会人口变量与 IM 到学校之间的关联。与儿童相比，青少年对学校的 IM 表现出更高（58.9% 对 40.2%；p < 0.001）。没有汽车可用和更短的工作距离与儿童更高的 IM 上学正相关（OR = 2.22 和 2.29，分别）。母亲较低的工资/月 (OR = 2.75)、没有汽车可用性 (OR = 3.17) 和母亲被动通勤上班 (OR = 2.61) 与青少年较高的 IM 上学正相关。儿童和青少年 IM 上学的主要预测因素是没有汽车（OR = 6.53）。父母的社会人口因素，例如薪水、上班距离和汽车供应情况，