On 2019-02-14, at 1:00 UTC, a large increase of ozone density at 8 km altitude was detected above Hampton, Virginia using the NASA Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar, LMOL. Ozone levels above 70 ppbv were observed down to an altitude of 4.5 km up to five hours after the start of the event. The NASA GEOS Composition Forecast (GEOS-CF) model was used to investigate the hypothesis of a stratospheric intrusion (SI). The agreement between the model and the observations confirmed the stratospheric origin of the airmass and highlighted the capabilities of GEOS-CF to simulate intrusions. In parallel, MicroPulse Lidar (MPL) observations indicated that depolarizing particulates high in the troposphere showed downward motions linked to the intrusion. Since these particulates are linked to cirrus clouds, it is hypothesised that the SI led to an ice-virga effect. This might suggest that particulate observations can exhibit patterns of stratospheric intrusions and can be used, in certain cases, as a signature of the events. These particulates, likely ice crystals, have opposite distribution gradients compared to O₃ at their interface which could be explained by a non-mixing of stratospheric and tropospheric air-masses as well as destruction of O₃ by ice crystal-induced processes. Model-data comparison shows that if that latter effect exists, it has small consequences for the observed case. This work shows the capabilities of the LMOL system to detect SI and to validate the vertical and temporal modeling of SI by GEOS-CF, as well as showing that signatures of SI could be detected by MPL.

2019 年 2 月 14 日，UTC 时间 1:00，使用美国宇航局兰利移动臭氧激光雷达 (LMOL) 在弗吉尼亚州汉普顿上空探测到 8 公里高度的臭氧密度大幅增加。在事件开始后最多 5 小时，在 4.5 公里的高度观察到了 70 ppbv 以上的臭氧水平。NASA GEOS 成分预测 (GEOS-CF) 模型用于研究平流层入侵 (SI) 的假设。模型与观测结果的一致性证实了气团的平流层起源，并突出了 GEOS-CF 模拟入侵的能力。同时，微脉冲激光雷达 (MPL) 观测表明，对流层高处的去极化颗粒显示出与入侵相关的向下运动。由于这些微粒与卷云有关，因此假设 SI 导致了处女座冰效应。这可能表明微粒观测可以表现出平流层入侵的模式，并且在某些情况下可以用作事件的标志。这些微粒，可能是冰晶，与 O 相比具有相反的分布梯度₃在它们的界面处，这可以通过平流层和对流层气团的非混合以及冰晶诱导过程对 O ₃的破坏来解释。模型数据比较表明，如果存在后一种效应，它对观察到的情况的影响很小。这项工作展示了 LMOL 系统检测 SI 并通过 GEOS-CF 验证 SI 的垂直和时间建模的能力，并表明 MPL 可以检测到 SI 的特征。