Objective

To assess the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on physical, mental, and cognitive functioning after stroke.

Design

The HIIT Stroke Study was a single-blind, multicenter, parallel-group randomized controlled trial.

Setting

Specialized rehabilitation units at 3 Norwegian hospitals.

Participants

Adult stroke survivors (N=70) 3 months to 5 years after a first-ever stroke. Mean age was 57.6±9.2 years and 58.7±9.2 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively.

Interventions

Participants were randomized to standard care in combination with 4×4 minutes of treadmill HIIT at 85%-95% of peak heart rate or standard care only.

Outcomes

Outcomes were measured using physical, mental, and cognitive tests and the FIM and Stroke Impact Scale. Linear mixed models were used to analyze differences between groups at posttest and 12-month follow-up.

Results

The intervention group showed a significant treatment effect (95% confidence interval [CI]) from baseline to posttest on a 6-minute walk test of 28.3 (CI, 2.80-53.77) meters (P=.030); Berg Balance Scale 1.27 (CI, 0.17-2.28) points (P=.025); and Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B; −24.16 [CI, −46.35 to −1.98] s, P=.033). The intervention group showed significantly greater improvement on TMT-B at the 12-month follow-up (25.44 [CI, −49.01 to −1.87] s, P=.035). The control group showed significantly greater improvement in total Functional Independence Measure score with a treatment effect of −2.37 (CI, −4.30 to −0.44) points (P=.016) at 12-month follow-up. No significant differences were identified between groups on other outcomes at any time point.

Conclusions

HIIT combined with standard care improved walking distance, balance, and executive function immediately after the intervention compared with standard care only. However, only TMT-B remained significant at the 12-month follow-up.

中文翻译：

---

中风后高强度间歇训练（HIIT 中风研究）对身体和认知功能的影响：一项多中心随机对照试验

客观的

评估高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 对中风后身体、心理和认知功能的影响。

设计

HIIT 卒中研究是一项单盲、多中心、平行组随机对照试验。

环境

3 家挪威医院的专业康复单位。

参与者

首次中风后 3 个月至 5 年的成年中风幸存者 (N=70)。干预组和对照组的平均年龄分别为 57.6±9.2 岁和 58.7±9.2 岁。

干预措施

参与者被随机分配到标准护理联合 4×4 分钟的跑步机 HIIT，峰值心率的 85%-95% 或仅标准护理。

结果

使用身体、心理和认知测试以及 FIM 和中风影响量表测量结果。线性混合模型用于分析后测和 12 个月随访时的组间差异。

结果

干预组在 28.3 (CI, 2.80-53.77) 米的 6 分钟步行测试中显示从基线到后测的显着治疗效果 (95% 置信区间 [CI]) ( P =.030)；伯格平衡量表 1.27 (CI, 0.17-2.28) 点 ( P =.025)；步道测试 B 部分 (TMT-B; -24.16 [CI, -46.35 to -1.98] s, P =.033)。在 12 个月的随访中，干预组的 TMT-B 改善明显更大（25.44 [CI，-49.01 至 -1.87] s，P =.035）。对照组的总功能独立测量评分显着提高，治疗效果为-2.37（CI，-4.30至-0.44）分（P=.016）在 12 个月的随访中。在任何时间点，组间在其他结果上均未发现显着差异。

结论

与仅进行标准护理相比，HIIT 与标准护理相结合可在干预后立即改善步行距离、平衡和执行功能。然而，在 12 个月的随访中，只有 TMT-B 仍然显着。