Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is one of the most important secondary storage pests of all types of flour and flour-based products. The present study focuses on the fragment producing behaviour of T. castaneum in wheat flour during storage and its effect on the quality parameters and defect action level (DAL) of fragments. The US Food and Drug Administration has set a DAL of 75 insect fragments in 50 g of flour. Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the storage conditions (storage period in days and temperature in degrees Celsius) and insect density (numbers) to keep insect fragments below the DAL.

中文翻译：

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Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) 碎片缺陷作用水平对小麦面粉品质的影响

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) 是所有类型面粉和面粉制品中最重要的二级贮藏害虫之一。本研究的重点的片段产生行为赤拟谷盗存储及其片段的质量参数和缺陷作用水平（DAL）的效果过程中小麦面粉。美国食品和药物管理局设定了 50 克面粉中含有 75 个昆虫碎片的 DAL。Box-Behnken 设计用于优化存储条件（以天为单位的存储期和以摄氏度为单位的温度）和昆虫密度（数量），以将昆虫碎片保持在 DAL 以下。