Various studies have been conducted to obtain quantitative phase information based on differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. As one such attempt, we propose in this study a single-shot quantitative phase imaging (QPI) method by combining two developments. First, an add-on optical system to a commercialized DIC microscope was developed to perform quantitative phase gradient imaging (QPGI) with single image acquisition using a polarization camera. Second, an algorithm was formulated to reconstitute QPI from the obtained QPGI by reducing linear artifacts, which arise in simply integrated QPGI images. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed system in cell biology, the system was used to measure various cell lines and compared with fluorescence microscopy images of the same field of view. Consistent with previous studies, nucleoli and lipid droplets can be imaged by the system with greater optical path lengths (OPL). The results also implied that combining fluorescence microscopy and the developed system might be more informative for cell biology research than using these methods individually. Exploiting the single-shot performance of the developed system, time-lapse imaging was also conducted to visualize the dynamics of intracellular granules in monocyte-/macrophage-like cells. Our proposed approach may accelerate the implementation of QPI in standard biomedical laboratories.

中文翻译：

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单次定量相位成像作为微分干涉对比显微镜的扩展

已经进行了各种研究以获取基于微分干涉对比 (DIC) 显微镜的定量相位信息。作为这样的一个尝试，我们在本研究中提出了一种结合两种发展的单次定量相位成像 (QPI) 方法。首先，开发了商业化 DIC 显微镜的附加光学系统，以使用偏振相机通过单幅图像采集执行定量相位梯度成像 (QPGI)。其次，制定了一种算法，通过减少简单集成的 QPGI 图像中出现的线性伪影，从获得的 QPGI 重建 QPI。为了证明所开发系统在细胞生物学中的适用性，该系统用于测量各种细胞系，并与相同视场的荧光显微镜图像进行比较。与以往的研究一致，核仁和脂滴可以通过具有更大光程长度 (OPL) 的系统成像。结果还表明，与单独使用这些方法相比，结合荧光显微镜和开发的系统可能为细胞生物学研究提供更多信息。利用所开发系统的单次拍摄性能，还进行了延时成像，以可视化单核细胞/巨噬细胞样细胞中细胞内颗粒的动态。我们提出的方法可能会加速 QPI 在标准生物医学实验室中的实施。利用所开发系统的单次拍摄性能，还进行了延时成像，以可视化单核细胞/巨噬细胞样细胞中细胞内颗粒的动态。我们提出的方法可能会加速 QPI 在标准生物医学实验室中的实施。利用所开发系统的单次拍摄性能，还进行了延时成像，以可视化单核细胞/巨噬细胞样细胞中细胞内颗粒的动态。我们提出的方法可能会加速 QPI 在标准生物医学实验室中的实施。