Mental health issues and disorders are major public health challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia, where chronic shortages in mental health services and human resources exist. The development of effective and accessible mental health systems in Southeast Asia will require evidence based psychological and social interventions. This systematic review provides a narrative synthesis of the evidence on the effectiveness of such interventions for mental health issues and disorders in Southeast Asia. A comprehensive literature search of 7 electronic databases (PsycINFO, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane library, EMBASE, SCOPUS, APA PsycArticles, and Social Care Online) was undertaken. Thirty two studies employing RCT designs to evaluate the effectiveness of a range of psychological and social mental health interventions on a number of different mental health outcomes were included in this review. The disparate intervention programmes reviewed were categorised as: lay delivered, yoga, aerobic and/or meditation based, cognitive behavioural therapy oriented, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing based (EMDR), health worker delivered, and hybrid programmes. The majority of the studies included in this review were of low to moderate quality due to the variability in the quality of the study design. The highest quality, and most promising evidence came from the evaluations of lay delivered interventions. This evidence demonstrates the feasibility and potential sustainability of implementing such interventions in resource constrained contexts. The review findings indicate that a disparate array of mental health interventions can be implemented effectively in a range of Southeast Asian mental health and health settings. There is a clear need for significantly more research however, through higher quality and larger scale RCTs before it will be known more definitively, if these interventions are effective, and for whom they are most effective in different Southeast Asian contexts.

中文翻译：

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东南亚心理健康问题和障碍的心理和社会干预：系统评价

精神卫生问题和疾病是主要的公共卫生挑战，特别是在东南亚的低收入和中等收入国家，这些国家长期缺乏精神卫生服务和人力资源。东南亚建立有效且易于使用的心理卫生系统将需要基于证据的心理和社会干预措施。本系统综述对东南亚心理健康问题和疾病的此类干预措施的有效性证据进行了叙述性综合。对 7 个电子数据库（PsycINFO、Medline (Ovid)、Cochrane 图书馆、EMBASE、SCOPUS、APA PsycArticles 和 Social Care Online）进行了全面的文献检索。本综述纳入了 32 项研究，这些研究采用 RCT 设计来评估一系列心理和社会心理健康干预措施对多种不同心理健康结果的有效性。审查的不同干预计划被分类为：非专业实施、瑜伽、有氧运动和/或冥想、认知行为治疗导向、眼动脱敏和再处理（EMDR）、卫生工作者实施以及混合计划。由于研究设计质量的差异，本次综述中纳入的大多数研究的质量为低至中等。最高质量和最有希望的证据来自对非专业干预措施的评估。这一证据证明了在资源有限的情况下实施此类干预措施的可行性和潜在可持续性。审查结果表明，一系列不同的心理健康干预措施可以在一系列东南亚心理健康和健康环境中有效实施。然而，显然需要进行更多的研究，通过更高质量和更大规模的随机对照试验，才能更明确地了解这些干预措施是否有效，以及它们在不同的东南亚背景下对谁最有效。