The composition of essential oil (EO) of E. globulus is so different all over the world. The main component of essential oil is 1,8-cineole (Compound 64), macrocarpal C (Compound 22), terpenes (Compound 23-92), oleanolic acid (Compound 21), and tannins (Compound 93-99). We searched in vitro and in vivo articles and reviewed botanical aspects, therapeutic activity, chemical composition and mechanism of action of E. globulus. Essential oils and extracts of leaves, stump, wood, root and fruits of E. globulus represented many various medicinal effects including antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticancer, anthelmintic, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, protection against UV-B, wound healing effect and stimulating the immune response. Also, the leaf extract of eucalyptus is used as a food additive in the industry. Eucalyptus has so many different therapeutic effects and some of these effects were confirmed by pharmacological and clinical studies. More clinical studies are recommended to confirm the useful pharmacological activity of E. globulus.

世界各地的 E. globulus 精油 (EO) 的成分如此不同。精油的主要成分是1,8-桉树脑（化合物64）、大腕C（化合物22）、萜烯（化合物23-92）、齐墩果酸（化合物21）和单宁（化合物93-99）。我们搜索了体外和体内的文章，并回顾了 E. globulus 的植物学方面、治疗活性、化学成分和作用机制。E. globulus 的叶子、树桩、木材、根和果实的精油和提取物代表了许多不同的药用效果，包括抗菌、抗真菌、抗糖尿病、抗癌、驱虫、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗炎、防止紫外线 B、伤口愈合作用和刺激免疫反应。此外，桉树的叶提取物在工业中用作食品添加剂。桉树有许多不同的治疗作用，其中一些作用已被药理学和临床研究证实。建议进行更多的临床研究以确认球状大肠杆菌的有用药理活性。