Because impulsive decision-making is correlated with many maladaptive tendencies, researchers have increasingly studied methods for reducing impulsive choice. These efforts have primarily focused on increasing choices of larger, more-delayed rewards. A second type of impulsive choice is selecting a smaller, less-effortful reward over a larger, more-effortful one. Little nonhuman research has examined experimental methods for reducing effort-based impulsive choice. Within the realm of delay-based impulsive choice, extended exposure to reinforcer delays has proven effective in reducing impulsive choices in rats. The current study took a similar tack by evaluating if reductions in effort-based impulsive choice could be achieved by providing rats with extended exposure to high-effort training, that is, reinforcement contingencies requiring a large number of responses. Male rats were randomly assigned to either a high-effort training (fixed-ratio 50) or low-effort training (fixed-ratio 1) group. Following training, both groups completed a test of effort-based impulsive choice. High-effort training produced a temporary reduction in effort-based impulsive choice. In the same test phase, groups also differed in response run durations (shorter following high-effort training), with larger differences in the initial sessions, which may have contributed to the short-term effect of high-effort training in effort-based impulsive choice.

由于冲动决策与许多适应不良倾向相关，研究人员越来越多地研究减少冲动选择的方法。这些努力主要集中在增加更大、更延迟奖励的选择上。第二种类型的冲动选择是选择更小、更省力的奖励，而不是更大、更省力的奖励。很少有非人类研究检查了减少基于努力的冲动选择的实验方法。在基于延迟的冲动选择领域内，延长暴露于强化剂延迟已被证明可有效减少大鼠的冲动选择。目前的研究采取了类似的策略，通过评估是否可以通过为大鼠提供长时间的高强度训练来减少基于努力的冲动选择，即，需要大量响应的强化应急。雄性大鼠被随机分配到高强度训练（固定比率 50）或低强度训练（固定比率 1）组。训练后，两组都完成了基于努力的冲动选择测试。高强度训练会暂时减少基于努力的冲动选择。在同一测试阶段，各组的响应运行持续时间也不同（高强度训练后较短），初始阶段差异较大，这可能是高强度训练在基于强度的冲动型训练中的短期效果的原因。选择。两组都完成了基于努力的冲动选择的测试。高强度训练会暂时减少基于努力的冲动选择。在同一测试阶段，各组的响应运行持续时间也不同（高强度训练后较短），初始阶段差异较大，这可能是高强度训练在基于强度的冲动型训练中的短期效果的原因。选择。两组都完成了基于努力的冲动选择的测试。高强度训练会暂时减少基于努力的冲动选择。在同一测试阶段，各组的响应运行持续时间也不同（高强度训练后较短），初始阶段差异较大，这可能是高强度训练在基于强度的冲动型训练中的短期效果的原因。选择。