ABSTRACT

Tehran experienced a seismic shift in its physical and spatial growth during the second Pahlavi dynasty between two political upheavals, the 1953 coup and the 1979 revolution. Over this period, the city was transformed from a monocentric city into a sprawled metropolitan region. The root cause of this is one of the interesting research topics in Iranian urbanization history. By focusing on this specific period, this paper illuminates the role of socio-economic and political backgrounds and their outcomes in the spatial transformation of Tehran. To better understand the role of the main players and their policies and decisions in forming Tehran metropolitan region, actor-network theory was used to frame all the historical events in a big picture. The results showed that the transformation of Tehran into a sprawled and fragmented metropolitan region was brought about by two asymmetrical and opposite process from top-down and bottom-up socio-political streams in which on the one hand the Shah and various governments strategized urban development pattern and tried to manage and control the city growth, and on the other hand, poor migrants and overlooked citizens resisted the top-down policies and formed their own way of planning, making a regional dispersed landscape for Tehran.

摘要

在第二个巴列维王朝期间，德黑兰经历了两次政治动荡（1953 年政变和 1979 年革命）之间的物理和空间增长的巨变。在此期间，这座城市从一个单一的中心城市转变为一个庞大的大都市区。造成这种情况的根本原因是伊朗城市化史上一个有趣的研究课题。通过关注这一特定时期，本文阐明了社会经济和政治背景及其在德黑兰空间转型中的作用。为了更好地理解主要参与者及其政策和决策在形成德黑兰大都市区中的作用，参与者网络理论被用于从大局中构建所有历史事件。