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The conjunctival extracellular matrix, related disorders and development of substrates for conjunctival restoration
The Ocular Surface ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.05.011
Aruni K Makuloluwa 1 , Kevin J Hamill 1 , Saaeha Rauz 2 , Lucy Bosworth 1 , Atikah Haneef 1 , Vito Romano 1 , Rachel L Williams 1 , Darlene A Dartt 3 , Stephen B Kaye 1
Affiliation  

The conjunctiva can be damaged by numerous diseases with scarring, loss of tissue and dysfunction. Depending on extent of damage, restoration of function may require a conjunctival graft. A wide variety of biological and synthetic substrates have been tested in the search for optimal conditions for ex vivo culture of conjunctival epithelial cells as a route toward tissue grafts. Each substrate has specific advantages but also disadvantages related to their unique physical and biological characteristics, and identification and development of an improved substrate remains a priority. To achieve the goal of mimicking and restoring a biological material, requires information from the material. Specifically, extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from conjunctival tissue. Knowledge of the composition and structure of native ECM and identifying contributions of individual components to its function would enable using or mimicking those components to develop improved biological substrates. ECM is comprised of two components: basement membrane secreted predominantly by epithelial cells containing laminins and type IV collagens, which directly support epithelial and goblet cell adhesion differentiation and growth and, interstitial matrix secreted by fibroblasts in lamina propria, which provides mechanical and structural support. This review presents current knowledge on anatomy, composition of conjunctival ECM and related conjunctival disorders. Requirements of potential substrates for conjunctival tissue engineering and transplantation are discussed. Biological and synthetic substrates and their components are described in an accompanying review.



中文翻译:

结膜细胞外基质、相关疾病和结膜修复基质的开发

结膜可能会因多种疾病而受损,从而导致疤痕、组织损失和功能障碍。根据损伤程度,功能恢复可能需要结膜移植。在寻找离体结膜上皮细胞培养作为组织移植途径的最佳条件时,已经测试了多种生物和合成基质。每种底物都有特定的优点,但也有与其独特的物理和生物特性相关的缺点,识别和开发改进的底物仍然是一个优先事项。为了实现模仿和恢复生物材料的目标,需要来自材料的信息。具体来说,细胞外基质(ECM)源自结膜组织。了解天然 ECM 的组成和结构并识别各个成分对其功能的贡献将能够使用或模仿这些成分来开发改进的生物底物。ECM 由两部分组成:主要由含有层粘连蛋白和 IV 型胶原的上皮细胞分泌的基底膜,直接支持上皮细胞和杯状细胞粘附分化和生长;固有层成纤维细胞分泌的间质基质,提供机械和结构支持。本综述介绍了当前关于结膜 ECM 的解剖学、组成和相关结膜疾病的知识。讨论了结膜组织工程和移植的潜在基质的要求。生物和合成底物及其成分在随附的评论中进行了描述。

更新日期:2021-06-05
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