Suicide and homicide have long been considered to sit at opposing ends of a continuum of deliberate harm, initially emerging as separate fields of practice. While it is now accepted that suicide and homicide are associated, the evidence base for how they are associated is far from complete. Surfacing from this body of knowledge are questions of clinical and ethical responsibilities, such as assessors of risk to moving to a default position of evaluating risk to self and others, regardless of which is the presenting problem. The current study examined longitudinal suicide risk among those known to have uttered homicidal threats. 757 threateners, known to the health and/or criminal justice systems for threatening to kill a person other than themselves, were examined via case matching methodology to reveal deaths recorded in a national coronial database. Over the follow up period, 11% of the threateners died, and over half of them (57.5%) perished from suicide. Threateners who died lost on average 47 years of potential life. That is, they lost more than half their life when compared to the average life expectancy of Australians. Further offending was also associated with higher mortality as was having a history of mental health treatment. This study provides support for the duality of risk from uttered threats as threatening homicide was found to be a novel predictor of suicide risk.

中文翻译：

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威胁风险的双重性：杀人威胁是自杀风险的新决定因素吗？

长期以来，自杀和凶杀一直被认为是蓄意伤害连续过程的两端，最初是作为不同的实践领域出现的。虽然现在人们承认自杀和他杀是有关联的，但关于它们如何关联的证据基础还远未完成。从这些知识体系中可以看出临床和伦理责任的问题，例如风险评估员转向评估对自己和他人的风险的默认位置，无论哪个是当前问题。目前的研究调查了已知发出过杀人威胁的人的纵向自杀风险。757威胁者健康和/或刑事司法系统已知威胁要杀死自己以外的人，他们通过案例匹配方法进行了检查，以揭示国家死因数据库中记录的死亡人数。在随访期间，11% 的威胁者死亡，其中超过一半 (57.5%) 死于自杀。死亡的威胁者平均失去了 47 年的潜在寿命。也就是说，与澳大利亚人的平均预期寿命相比，他们失去了一半以上的生命。进一步的犯罪也与更高的死亡率有关，就像有心理健康治疗史一样。这项研究为口头威胁的双重风险提供了支持，因为威胁杀人被发现是自杀风险的新预测指标。