Although many studies have shown that microbial communities play important roles in organic waste composting due to the involvement of specific microbial taxa with metabolic functions, the underlying ecological processes of community assembly and governing factors remain elusive. Thus, a chicken manure composting experiment as a model system of microbially mediated organic waste composting was conducted. Ecological null modeling and metabolic functional prediction combined with electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) were used to quantify assembly processes governing bacterial community composition and functions during composting. The results showed the predominant role of deterministic assembly processes in shifting community compositions both across and within composting stages. Stochastic assembly processes also concomitantly influenced microbial community compositions. Changes in the organic matter (OM) content and its chemical properties and temperature governed bacterial community assembly processes throughout the stages by selecting specific bacterial taxa such as Cardiobacteriales, Bacteroidales, and Lachnospiraceae on day 1, Firmicutes on days 6, 25 and 37, and Sphingobacteriales, Thermoactinomycetaceae, Actinobacteria, and Novibacillus on day 45. These taxa ultimately influenced community functions such as environmental information processing, carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, cellular processes, and genetic information processes involved in composting. Taken together, this study indicates that deterministic assembly processes governed by OM content and quality as well as temperature influenced microbial community turnover and determined community functions during composting. These results are important for better understanding and predicting microbial-driven composting and for ultimately manipulating microorganisms for environmentally-friendly composting outcomes.

尽管许多研究表明，由于特定微生物类群参与具有代谢功能，微生物群落在有机废物堆肥中发挥重要作用，但群落组装和控制因素的潜在生态过程仍然难以捉摸。因此，进行了作为微生物介导的有机废物堆肥模型系统的鸡粪堆肥实验。生态无效建模和代谢功能预测与电喷雾电离 (ESI) 傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱 (FT-ICR MS) 相结合，用于量化控制堆肥过程中细菌群落组成和功能的组装过程。结果表明，确定性组装过程在堆肥阶段和堆肥阶段内改变群落组成方面的主要作用。随机组装过程也伴随着影响微生物群落组成。有机物 (OM) 含量及其化学性质和温度的变化通过在第 1 天选择特定的细菌分类群（如 Cardiobacteriales、Bacteroidales 和 Lachnospiraceae，在第 6、25 和 37 天选择厚壁菌门）来控制整个阶段的细菌群落组装过程，以及鞘氨醇杆菌、嗜热放线菌科、放线菌和Novibacillus在第 45 天。这些分类群最终影响了群落功能，例如环境信息处理、碳水化合物和氨基酸代谢、细胞过程以及涉及堆肥的遗传信息过程。总之，这项研究表明，由 OM 含量和质量以及温度控制的确定性组装过程影响了堆肥过程中微生物群落的更新和确定的群落功能。这些结果对于更好地理解和预测微生物驱动的堆肥以及最终操纵微生物以获得环境友好的堆肥结果非常重要。