Background Herbarium collections and the data they hold are the main sources of plant biodiversity information. These collections contain taxonomical and spatial data on living and extinct species; consequently, they are the fundamental basis for temporal and spatial biogeographical studies of plants. Mega projects focused on providing digital and free access to accurate biodiversity data have transformed plant science research, mainly in the past two decades. In this sense, researchers today are overwhelmed by the many different datasets in online repositories. There are also several challenges involved in using these data for biogeographical analyses. Analyses performed on the data available in the repositories show that 70-75% of the total amount of data have spatial deficiencies and a high number of records lack coordinates. This shortage of reliable primary biogeographical information creates serious impediments for biogeographical analyses and conservation assessments and taxonomic revisions consequently produces obstacles for evaluations of threats to biodiversity at global, regional and local levels. With the aim of contributing to botanical and biogeographical research, this paper provides georeferenced spatial data for angiosperm species endemic to Brazil. The information from two reliable online databases, i.e. the Flora do Brasil 2020 floristic database (BFG) and Plantas do Brasil: Resgate Histórico e Herbário Virtual para o Conhecimento e Conservação da Flora Brasileira (REFLORA), which are both based on records collected over the course of the last two centuries, is used to create this spatial dataset. New information We provide three taxonomically-edited and georeferenced datasets for basal angiosperms, monocots and eudicots, covering a total of 14,992 endemic species from Brazil. Producing this consolidated dataset involved several months of detailed revision of coordinates and nomenclaturally updating of the names in these datasets. The information provided in this geo-referenced dataset, covering two centuries of specimen collections, will contribute to several botanical and mainly biogeographical studies.

中文翻译：

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巴西地方性被子植物在自治市一级的分布

背景 植物标本馆馆藏及其持有的数据是植物生物多样性信息的主要来源。这些馆藏包含现存和灭绝物种的分类和空间数据；因此，它们是植物时空生物地理学研究的基本基础。主要是在过去的二十年里，专注于提供数字化和免费访问准确的生物多样性数据的大型项目已经改变了植物科学研究。从这个意义上说，今天的研究人员被在线存储库中的许多不同数据集所淹没。使用这些数据进行生物地理分析也存在一些挑战。对存储库中可用数据进行的分析表明，70-75% 的数据总量存在空间缺陷，大量记录缺乏坐标。缺乏可靠的主要生物地理信息给生物地理分析和保护评估造成了严重障碍，因此分类修订为评估全球、区域和地方层面的生物多样性威胁造成了障碍。为了促进植物学和生物地理学研究，本文提供了巴西特有的被子植物物种的地理参考空间数据。来自两个可靠的在线数据库的信息，即 Flora do Brasil 2020 植物区系数据库 (BFG) 和 Plantas do Brasil: Resgate Histórico e Herbário Virtual para o Conhecimento e Conservação da Flora Brasileira (REFLORA)，这两个数据库均基于在过去两个世纪的过程，用于创建这个空间数据集。新信息 我们为基础被子植物、单子叶植物和真双子叶植物提供三个经过分类编辑和地理参考的数据集，共涵盖来自巴西的 14,992 个特有物种。制作这个合并的数据集涉及数月的坐标详细修订和这些数据集中名称的命名更新。这个地理参考数据集中提供的信息涵盖了两个世纪的标本收集，将有助于一些植物学和主要生物地理学研究。