Introduction: Motorcyclists are particularly at risk of being injured when involved in a road traffic accident. To avoid such crashes, emergency braking and/or swerving maneuvers are frequently performed. The recent development of dynamic motorcycle simulators may allow to study the influences of various disturbance factors such as sleep deprivation (SD) and time-of-day (TOD) in safe conditions. Methods: Twelve young healthy males took part in 8 tests sessions at 06:00 h, 10:00 h, 14:00 h, 18:00 h after a night with or without sleep, in a random order. Participants had to perform an emergency braking and a swerving maneuver, both realized at 20 and 40 kph on a motorcycle dynamic simulator. For each task, the total distance/time necessary to perform the maneuver was recorded. Additional analysis was conducted on reaction and execution distance/time (considered as explanatory variables). Results: Both crash avoidance maneuvers (emergency braking and swerving) were affected by increased speed, resulting in longer time and distance at 40 kph than at 20 kph. Emergency braking was mainly influenced by sleep deprivation, which significantly increased the total distance necessary to stop at 40 kph (+1.57 m; + 20%; p < 0.01). These impaired performances can be linked to an increase in reaction time (+21%; p < 0.01). Considering the swerving maneuver, TOD and SD influences remained limited. TOD only influenced the reaction time/distance measured at 40 kph with poorer performance in the early morning (+30% at 06:00 h vs 18:00 h; p < 0.05). Discussion: Our results confirm that crash avoidance capabilities of young motorcyclists were influenced by the lack of sleep, mainly because of increased reaction times. More complex tasks (swerving maneuver) remained mostly unchanged in this paradigm. Practical Applications: Prevention campaigns should focus on the dangers of motorcycling while sleepy. Motorcycling simulators can be used to sensitize safely with sleep deprivation and time-of-day influences.

简介：摩托车手在发生道路交通事故时特别容易受伤。为了避免此类碰撞，经常执行紧急制动和/或转向操作。动态摩托车模拟器的最新发展可能允许研究各种干扰因素的影响，例如安全条件下的睡眠剥夺 (SD) 和一天中的时间 (TOD)。方法：12 名年轻的健康男性参加了 8 次测试，时间为 06:00 h、10:00 h、14:00 h、18:00 h，在有或没有睡眠的夜晚之后，以随机顺序进行。参与者必须在摩托车动态模拟器上以 20 和 40 公里/小时的速度进行紧急制动和转向操作。对于每项任务，记录执行操作所需的总距离/时间。对反应和执行距离/时间（被视为解释变量）进行了额外的分析。结果：两种防撞动作（紧急制动和转向）都受到速度增加的影响，导致在 40 公里/小时时比在 20 公里/小时时更长的时间和距离。紧急制动主要受睡眠剥夺的影响，这显着增加了以 40 kph (+1.57 m; + 20%;p  < 0.01)。这些受损的表现可能与反应时间的增加有关 (+21%; p  < 0.01)。考虑到转弯机动，TOD 和 SD 的影响仍然有限。TOD 仅影响在 40 kph 时测量的反应时间/距离，清晨表现较差（06:00 时 +30% 与 18:00 时；p  < 0.05）。讨论：我们的结果证实，年轻摩托车手的防撞能力受到睡眠不足的影响，主要是因为反应时间增加。在这种范式中，更复杂的任务（转弯机动）基本保持不变。实际应用：预防运动应关注困倦时骑摩托车的危险。摩托车模拟器可用于通过睡眠剥夺和一天中的时间影响来安全地敏感。