ABSTRACT

Ulex europaeus L. is a species worldwide distributed, without commercial use, but has desirable chemical properties for composting, such as suitable carbon/nitrogen ratio; however, its composting dynamics have not been characterized in new shoots. Thus, we compare composting dynamics of U. europaeus new shoots (UE), bovine manure (BM), and equine manure (BM) in physicochemical terms. The composting process was carried out in piles of 1 m³ during 168 d for each individually raw material, and the measurement was performed every 2 d for temperature and 14 d for physicochemical parameters. Also, the electrical conductivity (EC) and toxicity were determined at the end of the composting period. The thermophilic phase was reached only by UE at least two times in the period. Besides, UE had lower moisture and higher pH than EM and BM. A decreasing trend was observed in organic matter, carbon, nitrogen, and carbon/nitrogen ratio, where UE had higher values than EM and BM. The EC was lower in UE, meanwhile, toxicity was slightly higher in UE than EM and BM. These results indicate that the dynamics composting process of UE is better than EM and BM; however, UE requires more time to reach complete compost maturity.

摘要

Ulex europaeus L. 是一种全球分布的物种，没有商业用途，但具有适合堆肥的化学性质，例如合适的碳/氮比；然而，它的堆肥动态并没有在新芽中得到表征。因此，我们在物理化学方面比较了欧洲猪新芽 (UE)、牛粪 (BM) 和马粪 (BM) 的堆肥动力学。^{堆肥过程在 1 m 3}的堆中进行每种原料168 d，温度每2 d测量一次，理化参数每14 d测量一次。此外，在堆肥期结束时测定了电导率 (EC) 和毒性。在此期间仅 UE 至少两次达到嗜热阶段。此外，UE 比 EM 和 BM 具有更低的水分和更高的 pH 值。有机质、碳、氮和碳氮比呈下降趋势，其中UE的值高于EM和BM。UE中EC较低，同时UE中毒性略高于EM和BM。这些结果表明UE的动态堆肥过程优于EM和BM；然而，UE 需要更多时间才能达到完全的堆肥成熟度。