Residential indoor climate is a key factor for occupant comfort, health and wellbeing, while also affecting the buildings' energy demand. A strong focus has been traditionally placed on low winter indoor temperatures in dwellings due to their considerable health impacts. However, there is a trend towards high and stable indoor temperatures, which also have significant implications. This paper investigates the drivers of winter indoor temperatures by analysing the following three metrics of measured temperatures in a sample of 1039 Swedish dwellings: a) level, through the sample dwellings’ standardised indoor temperatures at 5 °C outdoor temperature, b) daily variation, through the standard deviation of the indoor temperature and c) shape, using daily indoor temperature profiles derived from cluster analysis. The study explores the association of these metrics to building-, dwelling- and occupant-related parameters. The analysis shows that 80% of the standardised indoor temperatures were above 21 °C, with one third of the latter being above 23 °C, while 82% of dwellings had constant temperatures throughout the day. High winter indoor temperatures were more evident in middle-placed apartments in multi-family buildings connected to district heating and in better insulated single-family houses. High temperatures were also associated with experiencing draft from windows, too warm conditions in winter and difficulty to control the indoor temperature, but not with the overall thermal comfort assessment which was very positive in both the high and low temperature tails. Long-term adaptation effects, established norms and comfort expectations are discussed as important confounding factors in the development of residential indoor temperatures.

住宅室内气候是居住者舒适度、健康和福祉的关键因素，同时也会影响建筑物的能源需求。传统上，人们非常关注住宅中较低的冬季室内温度，因为它们对健康有相当大的影响。然而，室内温度趋于高且稳定，这也具有重要意义。本文通过分析 1039 套瑞典住宅样本中测量温度的以下三个指标来研究冬季室内温度的驱动因素：a) 水平，通过样本住宅在室外温度为 5°C 时的标准化室内温度，b) 日变化，通过室内温度的标准偏差和 c) 形状，使用从聚类分析得出的每日室内温度曲线。该研究探讨了这些指标与建筑、住宅和居住者相关参数的关联。分析表明，80% 的标准化室内温度高于 21°C，后者的三分之一高于 23°C，而 82% 的住宅全天保持恒温。在连接区域供暖的多户住宅和隔热效果更好的单户住宅中的中等位置的公寓中，冬季室内温度较高。高温还与经历窗户的气流、冬季温度过高和难以控制室内温度有关，但与整体热舒适性评估无关，在高温和低温尾部都非常积极。长期适应效应，