Abstract

This study attempts to decipher the working condition of contract workers with subsequent inferences from wage-based discrimination in formal mining units to understand discriminatory practices and informalization of employment. The methodology uses both theoretical and empirical methods. The empirical analysis follows a descriptive approach with wage decomposition analysis to understand the ongoing phenomenon. The study is primarily based on field data, but we have also solicited secondary data from ASI, NSSO, etc. The field survey tries to find the extent of wage discrimination based on the responses from 300 respondents of state copper mining units located in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. The findings suggest that the socioeconomic conditions do play a massive role in discriminatory behavior in the workplace. The analysis indicates economic discrimination or inequity is high among various social groups (caste) with reference to education, work experience, and skill levels. We found that there is extensive use of contractual labor in public sector units. And informalization of labor causes massive devaluation in working conditions, as wage-based discrimination is found to be stark for contractual workers further aggravating the situation.

摘要

本研究试图破译合同工的工作条件，并随后从正规采矿单位基于工资的歧视中进行推断，以了解歧视性做法和就业的非正规化。该方法论同时使用理论和经验方法。实证分析遵循描述性方法和工资分解分析，以了解正在发生的现象。该研究主要基于现场数据，但我们也从 ASI、NSSO 等处征集了二手数据。 现场调查试图根据位于中央邦的 300 名国有铜矿开采单位的受访者的回答来找出工资歧视的程度和拉贾斯坦邦。研究结果表明，社会经济条件确实在工作场所的歧视行为中发挥了重要作用。分析表明，在教育、工作经验和技能水平方面，不同社会群体（种姓）之间的经济歧视或不平等现象严重。我们发现公共部门单位广泛使用合同工。劳动力的非正规化导致工作条件大幅贬值，因为发现基于工资的歧视对合同工来说是明显的，进一步加剧了这种情况。