Why might some meat-eaters and meat-avoiders express negative attitudes toward each other? We investigated intergroup attitudes and potential underpinnings of these attitudes across three different dietary groups—veg*ans (vegetarians and vegans), flexitarians (people who restrict their meat intake partially), and meat-eaters—in Turkey (N_{Study 1} = 366; N_{Study 2} = 450). In both studies, veg*ans showed the greatest ingroup favouritism and reported the highest ingroup identification and perceived discrimination. Meat enjoyment, moral consideration, and perceived veg*an threat (among meat-eaters) predicted dietary ingroup identification in Study 1, whereas perceived discrimination towards one’s dietary group was the strongest predictor of identification among all dietary groups in Study 2. Among meat-avoiders, but not among meat-eaters, stronger dietary ingroup identification was associated with more negative outgroup attitudes. Findings are discussed in light of social identity theories and intergroup perspectives.

为什么一些肉食者和肉食者会相互表达消极态度？我们在土耳其调查了三个不同饮食群体——素食者（素食者和纯素食者）、弹性素食者（部分限制肉类摄入量的人）和肉食者——的群体间态度和这些态度的潜在基础（N_{研究 1} = 366；N_{研究 2}= 450）。在这两项研究中，素食主义者表现出最大的群体偏爱，并报告了最高的群体认同和感知歧视。在研究 1 中，肉类享受、道德考虑和感知的素食*威胁（在肉食者中）预测了饮食内群体认同，而对一个饮食群体的感知歧视是研究 2 中所有饮食群体中认同的最强预测因素。回避者，但不是在肉食者中，更强的饮食内群体认同与更消极的外群体态度相关。研究结果将根据社会认同理论和群体间观点进行讨论。