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Cellular Immune Response of an Endemic Lake Baikal Amphipod to Indigenous Pseudomonas sp
Marine Biotechnology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10039-2
Ekaterina Shchapova 1 , Anna Nazarova 1 , Uliana Vasilyeva 1 , Anton Gurkov 1, 2 , Alexander Ostyak 3 , Andrei Mutin 1 , Renat Adelshin 1, 3 , Natalia Belkova 4 , Maxim Timofeyev 1, 2
Affiliation  

Studies of invertebrates have shown that the internal environment of crustaceans is not always sterile in normal conditions, and in many species, it can be populated by microorganisms even in the absence of any visible pathological processes in the body. This observation raises the question of whether genetically modified indigenous hemolymph microorganisms can be used for biotechnological purposes inside the crustacean either as local producers of some compounds or as sensors to physiological parameters. In this study, we tested the ability of the bacteria isolated from the hemolymph of the amphipod Eulimnogammarus verrucosus to hide from the cellular immune response of the host as the most important feature for their potential long-term application in vivo. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing revealed five common bacterial genera in all analyzed samples of the amphipod hemolymph, among which Pseudomonas is most easily subjected to genome modification and, thus, the most prospective for biotechnological application. Cultivation of Pseudomonas gave us a number of strains undoubtedly derived from the amphipod hemolymph, and one of them (belonging to the Pseudomonas fluorescens group) was chosen for further tests. The primary culture of amphipod hemocytes was used to analyze the immunogenicity of the strain and showed a pronounced reaction of the immune cells to a high amount of the bacteria within six hours. This result indicates that modulation of cellular immune response to metabolically active bacterial cells is not mandatory for the survival and wide distribution of these microorganisms in the hemolymph of numerous amphipod individuals.



中文翻译:

地方性贝加尔湖片脚类动物对本地假单胞菌的细胞免疫反应

对无脊椎动物的研究表明,甲壳类动物的内部环境在正常条件下并不总是无菌的,在许多物种中,即使在体内没有任何可见的病理过程的情况下,它也可以被微生物所占据。这一观察提出了一个问题,即转基因本土血淋巴微生物是否可用于甲壳类动物内部的生物技术目的,或者作为某些化合物的本地生产者或作为生理参数的传感器。在这项研究中,我们测试了从片脚类动物Eulimnogammarus verrucosus的血淋巴中分离的细菌的能力躲避宿主的细胞免疫反应,这是它们在体内潜在长期应用的最重要特征。16S rDNA 扩增子测序揭示了片脚类动物血淋巴的所有分析样本中的五种常见细菌属,其中假单胞菌最容易进行基因组修饰,因此最有可能用于生物技术应用。假单胞菌的培养为我们提供了许多无疑来自片脚类动物血淋巴的菌株,其中之一(属于荧光假单胞菌)组)被选中进行进一步的测试。片脚类血细胞的原代培养物用于分析菌株的免疫原性,并显示免疫细胞在 6 小时内对大量细菌产生明显反应。该结果表明,对代谢活跃的细菌细胞的细胞免疫反应的调节对于这些微生物在众多片脚类个体的血淋巴中的存活和广泛分布并不是强制性的。

更新日期:2021-06-02
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