Context/objective

Compare community integration, quality of life, anxiety and depression of people with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) living in the community before the outbreak of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) and during it.

Design

Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting

In-person follow-up visits (before COVID-19 outbreak) to a rehabilitation hospital in Spain and on-line during COVID-19.

Participants

Community dwelling adults (≥ 18 years) with chronic SCI.

Outcome measures

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) were compared using the Wilcoxon ranked test or paired t-test when appropriate.

Results

One hundred and seventy five people with SCI assessed on-line between June 2020 and November 2020 were compared to their own assessments before COVID-19. Participants reported significantly decreased Social Integration during COVID-19 compared to pre-pandemic scores (P = 0.037), with a small effect size (d = −0.15). Depression (measured using HADS) was significantly higher than before COVID-19 (P < 0.001) with a moderate effect size (d = −0.29). No significant differences were found in any of the 4 WHOQOL-BREF dimensions (Physical, Psychological, Social and Environmental).

Nevertheless, when all participants were stratified in two groups according to their age at on-line assessment, the younger group (19–54 years, N = 85) scored lower during COVID-19 than before, in WHOQOL-BREF Physical (P = 0.004), (d = −0.30) and Psychological dimensions (P = 0.007) (d = −0.29). The older group (55–88 years, N = 0) reported no significant differences in any dimension.

Conclusions

COVID-19 impacted HADS’ depression and CIQ’s social integration. Participants younger than 55 years were impacted in WHOQOL-BREF’s physical and psychological dimensions, meanwhile participants older than 55, were not.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19 对慢性脊髓损伤患者社区融合、生活质量、抑郁和焦虑的影响

背景/目标

比较冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 病 (COVID-19) 爆发前和爆发期间居住在社区的慢性脊髓损伤 (SCI) 患者的社区融入、生活质量、焦虑和抑郁。

设计

前瞻性观察队列研究。

环境

在 COVID-19 期间对西班牙的一家康复医院进行面对面随访（在 COVID-19 爆发之前）和在线随访。

参加者

患有慢性 SCI 的社区居民（≥ 18 岁）。

结果措施

医院焦虑和抑郁量表 (HADS)、社区整合问卷 (CIQ) 和世界卫生组织生活质量 (WHOQOL-BREF) 在适当时使用 Wilcoxon 排序检验或配对 t 检验进行比较。

结果

将 2020 年 6 月至 2020 年 11 月期间在线评估的 175 名 SCI 患者与他们在 COVID-19 之前的评估进行了比较。参与者报告说，与大流行前的分数相比，COVID-19 期间的社会融合显着下降 (P = 0.037)，效应量较小 ( d  = −0.15)。抑郁症（使用 HADS 测量）显着高于 COVID-19 之前（P < 0.001），影响大小适中（d  = -0.29）。在 WHOQOL-BREF 的 4 个维度（身体、心理、社会和环境）中，没有发现任何显着差异。

然而，当所有参与者根据在线评估时的年龄分为两组时，较年轻的一组（19-54 岁，N  = 85）在 COVID-19 期间的 WHOQOL-BREF 物理得分低于以前（P = 0.004), ( d  = −0.30) 和心理维度 (P = 0.007) ( d  = −0.29)。老年组（55-88 岁，N  = 0）报告在任何方面都没有显着差异。

结论

COVID-19 影响了 HADS 的抑郁症和 CIQ 的社会融合。55 岁以下的参与者在 WHOQOL-BREF 的生理和心理方面受到影响，而 55 岁以上的参与者则没有。