Infertility affects one in six couples worldwide, and fertility continues to deteriorate globally, partly owing to a decline in semen quality. Sperm analysis has a central role in diagnosing and treating male factor infertility. Many emerging techniques, such as digital holography, super-resolution microscopy and next-generation sequencing, have been developed that enable improved analysis of sperm motility, morphology and genetics to help overcome limitations in accuracy and consistency, and improve sperm selection for infertility treatment. These techniques have also improved our understanding of fundamental sperm physiology by enabling discoveries in sperm behaviour and molecular structures. Further progress in sperm analysis and integrating these techniques into laboratories and clinics requires multidisciplinary collaboration, which will increase discovery and improve clinical outcomes.

全球六分之一的夫妇受不孕症影响，全球生育率持续恶化，部分原因是精液质量下降。精子分析在诊断和治疗男性不育症中起着核心作用。许多新兴技术，如数字全息术、超分辨率显微镜和下一代测序，已经开发出来，可以改进对精子活力、形态和遗传学的分析，以帮助克服准确性和一致性方面的限制，并改进用于不育治疗的精子选择。这些技术还通过促进精子行为和分子结构的发现，提高了我们对基本精子生理学的理解。精子分析的进一步发展以及将这些技术整合到实验室和诊所需要多学科合作，