The rapid and cost-effective quantitative characterization of broad-sense shale oil reservoirs is highly challenging due to the complex lithology and strong heterogeneity of the strata. In this paper, the pore structures and surface roughness of samples of various lithologies from a shale oil reservoir were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the open-source Gwyddion analytical software. The surface morphology was reconstructed both two-dimensionally and three-dimensionally using the AFM data for the mudstone, siltstone, and dolarenite in a broad-sense shale oil reservoir. The surface roughness was evaluated with respect to parameters such as the arithmetic average roughness, root mean square roughness, surface skewness, and kurtosis coefficient. The pores of various scales were quantitatively identified using the watershed algorithm. The samples were also evaluated using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy for comparison, and the derived pore scales are consistent with those obtained from the AFM analysis. In conclusion, the utilization of AFM and open-source software provides a new easy-to-operate method, which can be widely applied to characterize the surface roughness and pore structures of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.

由于地层复杂的岩性和强烈的非均质性，对广义页岩油藏进行快速且经济高效的定量表征极具挑战性。在本文中，使用原子力显微镜 (AFM) 和开源 Gwyddion 分析软件研究了页岩油藏各种岩性样品的孔隙结构和表面粗糙度。利用广义页岩油藏中泥岩、粉砂岩和砂屑岩的 AFM 数据，对表面形态进行了二维和三维重建。表面粗糙度通过算术平均粗糙度、均方根粗糙度、表面偏度、峰态系数等参数进行评价。使用分水岭算法定量识别各种尺度的孔隙。还使用聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜对样品进行了评估以进行比较，得出的孔隙尺度与从 AFM 分析中获得的孔隙尺度一致。总之，AFM和开源软件的利用提供了一种新的易于操作的方法，可以广泛应用于非常规油气藏表面粗糙度和孔隙结构的表征。