It is generally accepted that the adsorbed water layer on the surface of the mineral particle has significant effects on the mechanical properties of soils. By defining the concepts of “solid water” and “particle skeleton” after a brief review on adsorbed water, therefore, the mechanical mechanism about how solid water affects the deformation and strength of particle skeleton is theoretically clarified, which could be the physical basis of the reasonability of two assumptive conditions for effective stress equation. Considering solid water as a two-dimensional liquid with appreciable normal strength and lubricity, if soil particles are always wrapped by solid-water layer, the only mechanical effect due to water pressure is to compress particles; while if the interparticle solid water could be extruded undergoing enough force with suitable confinement, the mechanical effects due to increasing water pressure are not only to compress particles more but also to enhance interparticle friction because the indirect interparticle contact could be changed into direct contact to consequently alter the interparticle friction. Because solid water is not likely to be extruded by pressure alone, if the particle compression is negligible relative to the soil-mass compression, two assumptive conditions for effective stress equation are reasonable. Moreover, a simple monitoring test on water content is conducted to certify that the solid-water layer should always exist in soils under ambient conditions, so the ordinarily oven-dried soil samples used in conventional geotechnical tests carried out under ambient conditions could be just “nominally dry” samples with the effects due to solid water.

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固体水对土壤颗粒骨架的力学影响：机理分析

人们普遍认为，矿物颗粒表面的吸附水层对土壤的力学性质有显着影响。通过对吸附水的简要回顾，定义“固体水”和“粒子骨架”的概念，从理论上阐明了固体水对粒子骨架变形和强度影响的力学机制，可作为有效应力方程的两个假设条件的合理性。考虑到固体水是一种具有可观的法向强度和润滑性的二维液体，如果土壤颗粒总是被固体水层包裹，那么水压的唯一机械作用就是压缩颗粒；而如果颗粒间固体水可以在适当的约束下以足够的力被挤出，由于水压增加引起的机械效应不仅可以更多地压缩颗粒，而且还可以增强颗粒间摩擦，因为间接颗粒间接触可以变成直接接触，从而改变粒子间摩擦。因为固体水不可能单独被压力挤出，如果颗粒压缩相对于土体压缩可以忽略不计，则有效应力方程的两个假设条件是合理的。此外，还进行了简单的含水量监测测试，以证明固体水层在环境条件下应始终存在于土壤中，