The need for conserving water rises as the resource becomes scarcer. The most essential step in order to manage this resource is to estimate watershed runoff. Runoff and rainfall are the main two sources that maintain ground water and recharge it. Hydrologists in the Kurdistan Region face the challenge of unavailability of data (most watersheds in the area are ungauged) or inaccurate data. The surface runoff of the study area was simulated via soil conservation service-curve number (SCS-CN) technique integrated into geographical information system (GIS). Surface runoff and curve number maps were made using the GIS created and processed data from land use/land cover (LU/LC), daily rainfall, hydrologic soil group and slope thematic maps. The results showed that the urbanization of the Sulaymaniyah watershed has increased the impermeability of the land by 40.9% for the period from 1999 to 2019. The runoff depth was 40.2% higher in 2019 as compared to 1999 due to the increase of the impermeable surface area. Research has also revealed a growth in built-up areas with a decrease of coverage in vegetation, resulting in a greater depth of surface runoff in urban catchment areas.

随着资源变得稀缺，节约用水的需求也在增加。管理该资源的最重要步骤是估算流域径流。径流和降雨是维持地下水和补给地下水的两个主要来源。库尔德斯坦地区的水文学家面临着数据不可用（该地区的大多数流域未经测量）或数据不准确的挑战。研究区地表径流是通过集成到地理信息系统（GIS）中的土壤保持服务曲线数（SCS-CN）技术来模拟的。地表径流和曲线编号图是使用 GIS 创建和处理的来自土地利用/土地覆盖 (LU/LC)、日降雨量、水文土壤组和坡度专题图的数据制作的。结果表明，苏莱曼尼亚流域的城市化使 1999 年至 2019 年期间土地的不渗透性增加了 40.9%。由于不渗透表面积的增加，2019 年径流深度比 1999 年增加了 40.2% . 研究还表明，随着植被覆盖率的降低，建成区的增长导致城市集水区地表径流深度增加。