We introduce a near-term experimental platform for realizing an associative memory. It can simultaneously store many memories by using spinful bosons coupled to a degenerate multimode optical cavity. The associative memory is realized by a confocal cavity QED neural network, with the modes serving as the synapses, connecting a network of superradiant atomic spin ensembles,which serve as the neurons. Memories are encoded in the connectivity matrix between the spins and can be accessed through the input and output of patterns of light. Each aspect of the scheme is based on recently demonstrated technology using a confocal cavity and Bose-condensed atoms. Our scheme has two conceptually novel elements. First, it introduces a new form of random spin system that interpolates between a ferromagnetic and a spin glass regime as a physical parameter is tuned—the positions of ensembles within the cavity. Second, and more importantly, the spins relax via deterministic steepest-descent dynamics rather than Glauber dynamics. We show that this nonequilibrium quantum-optical scheme has significant advantages for associative memory over Glauber dynamics: These dynamics can enhance the network’s ability to store and recall memories beyond that of the standard Hopfield model. Surprisingly, the cavity QED dynamics can retrieve memories even when the system is in the spin glass phase. Thus, the experimental platform provides a novel physical instantiation of associative memories and spin glasses as well as provides an unusual form of relaxational dynamics that is conducive to memory recall even in regimes where it was thought to be impossible.

中文翻译：

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使用共焦腔 QED 增强联想记忆召回和存储容量

我们介绍了一个用于实现联想记忆的近期实验平台。通过使用耦合到简并多模光学腔的自旋玻色子，它可以同时存储许多记忆。联想记忆由共焦腔QED神经网络实现，模式作为突触，连接作为神经元的超辐射原子自旋系综网络。记忆被编码在自旋之间的连接矩阵中，并且可以通过光模式的输入和输出进行访问。该方案的每个方面都基于最近展示的使用共焦腔和玻色凝聚原子的技术。我们的方案有两个概念上新颖的元素。第一的，它引入了一种新形式的随机自旋系统，它在铁磁和自旋玻璃状态之间插入，因为物理参数被调整——腔内集合的位置。其次，更重要的是，自旋通过确定性最陡下降动力学而不是 Glauber 动力学松弛。我们表明，这种非平衡量子光学方案在联想记忆方面比 Glauber 动力学具有显着优势：这些动力学可以增强网络存储和回忆超出标准 Hopfield 模型的记忆的能力。令人惊讶的是，即使系统处于自旋玻璃阶段，腔 QED 动力学也可以检索记忆。因此，