We describe the generation of bulk nanobubbles (BNBs)in pure water using a high-shear rotor–stator device. The technique can be used in the batch mode to produce relatively small volumes of BNB suspension on the order of hundreds of milliliters or in the semicontinuous mode to process much larger volumes on the order of tens of liters, making it more amenable for scale-up. The design of the stator influences the effectiveness of nanobubble generation. The two operating modes generate comparable concentrations of BNBs when using similar rotor–stator configurations and hydrodynamic regime. The BNB yield can be enhanced up to a limit through greater energy input, longer operating times, and higher water operating temperatures to release more dissolved air or by continuous additional sparging of air or nitrogen. Sparging CO₂, however, annihilates the generation of BNBs as it forms carbonic acid which is detrimental to the stability of BNBs.

中文翻译：

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使用高剪切转子 - 定子装置生成大量纳米气泡

我们描述了使用高剪切转子 - 定子装置在纯水中产生大量纳米气泡 (BNB)。该技术可用于批量模式以生产数百毫升数量级的相对较小体积的 BNB 悬浮液，或用于半连续模式以处理数十升数量级的更大体积，使其更适合放大. 定子的设计影响纳米气泡产生的有效性。当使用相似的转子 - 定子配置和流体动力学状态时，两种操作模式会产生相当浓度的 BNB。通过更大的能量输入、更长的操作时间和更高的水操作温度以释放更多溶解的空气或通过连续额外喷射空气或氮气，可以将 BNB 产量提高到一个极限。喷射 CO ₂然而，由于形成碳酸，这对 BNB 的稳定性有害，因此会消除 BNB 的产生。