The number of days missed due to suspensions (DMS) was analyzed in a national sample of K-12 public schools in the U.S. In the 2017–2018 national sample, about 11 million days of school were missed due to suspension. Rates of DMS varied across the regions of the U.S., from state to state, and from school to school (greater in nonelementary and non-charter public schools). Additionally, disparities were found with higher rates found for boys relative to girls and for Black children relative to White children. Regression analyses revealed that school characteristics explained the greatest amount of variance in rates of DMS, although enrollment characteristics also accounted for a significant amount of the variance. It was concluded that there is a need to for more research to better understand the factors that predict DMS and its adverse outcomes for students and to help develop effective prevention and intervention efforts to reduce its use, especially to reduce disparities in its use.

中文翻译：

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惩罚的代价：因美国 K-12 公立学校停课而错过的天数

在美国 K-12 公立学校的全国样本中分析了因停课 (DMS) 缺课的天数 在 2017-2018 年的全国样本中，约有 1100 万天因停课而缺课。DMS 的比率在美国各地区、各州和学校之间各不相同（在非小学和非特许公立学校中更大）。此外，发现男孩相对于女孩以及黑人儿童相对于白人儿童的比率更高的差异。回归分析表明，学校特征解释了 DMS 比率的最大差异，尽管入学特征也占了很大一部分差异。