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‘Not Wholly Justified’: The Deferred Pay Interest Fund and Migrant Labour in South Africa’s Gold Mining Industry, c.1970–1990
Journal of Southern African Studies ( IF 0.864 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-02 , DOI: 10.1080/03057070.2021.1932120
Michael Glover 1 , Duncan Money 2
Affiliation  

A little-known feature of the vast migrant labour system that supplied South Africa’s gold-mining industry was the Deferred Pay Interest Fund. For much of the 20th century, a portion of the wages owed to African mine workers was deferred and remitted to them only at the end of their contracts. This is well-known, but what happened to the interest that accumulated on these deferred wages remains virtually unknown. Mine workers did not receive this interest; it was, instead, deposited into a fund controlled by the mining industry. This article examines the operations of this fund in the Transkei in the context of the crisis in the migrant labour system precipitated by newly independent states refusing to supply further migrant labour to South Africa. This prompted the Chamber of Mines to reorient labour recruitment towards the South African bantustans, and the Transkei quickly became the most important source of labour for the mines in the 1970s and 1980s. Although the fund had a mandate to spend on welfare projects in labour-sending regions, we argue that patterns of spending clearly show how it was used to support the reproduction of the migrant labour system. Payments were used as patronage for local elites, upon whom recruitment depended, and for distributing propaganda for the mining industry. In contrast, payments were consistently directed away from education for able-bodied students, because education would reduce the pool of unskilled labour on which the gold industry relied. Money that, arguably, rightfully belonged to mine workers from the Transkei was used to perpetuate their dependence upon migrant labour to the mines.



中文翻译:

“不完全合理”:1970 年至 1990 年间南非黄金矿业的递延支付利息基金和移民劳工

为南非金矿行业提供资源的庞大移民劳动力体系的一个鲜为人知的特征是延期支付利息基金。在 20 世纪的大部分时间里,欠非洲矿工的部分工资被推迟支付,仅在合同结束时才汇给他们。这是众所周知的,但在这些递延工资上累积的利息发生了什么几乎仍然未知。矿工没有得到这种利息;相反,它存入了一个由采矿业控制的基金。本文考察了在新独立国家拒绝向南非提供更多移民劳动力所引发的移民劳动力体系危机的背景下,该基金在 Transkei 的运作情况。这促使矿业商会将劳动力招聘重新定位到南非班图斯坦人,而特兰斯凯人很快成为 1970 年代和 1980 年代矿山最重要的劳动力来源。尽管该基金的任务是在劳务输出地区的福利项目上支出,但我们认为支出模式清楚地表明了它是如何被用来支持农民工制度的再生产的。付款被用作对当地精英的赞助,他们的招聘依赖于他们,并为采矿业进行宣传。相比之下,付款一直不用于身体健全的学生的教育,因为教育会减少黄金行业所依赖的非熟练劳动力。钱,可以说,

更新日期:2021-06-02
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