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Using radical terraces for erosion control and water quality improvement in Rwanda: A case study in Sebeya catchment
Environmental Development ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2021.100649
Rosine Angelique Uwacu , Ernest Habanabakize , Jan Adamowski , Timothy Damian Schwinghamer

Rwanda, known as “the country of a thousand hills,” is subject to severe soil erosion challenges brought on by erosion-prone landforms and long-term anthropogenic forces that alter the physical landscape, cause substantial soil erosion, and adversely affect surface waters. Reverse slope bench terraces, called “radical terraces” in Rwanda, create reverse slope bench terraces with steep banks and stabilized risers to reduce soil erosion. The present study investigated the effects of renewed implementation of radical terraces using indicators of erosion from agricultural lands and surface water quality in the Sebeya catchment, Rwanda. Water samples were collected at 12 strategic locations along the Sebeya River and laboratory analyses measured biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), Escherichia coli, pH, temperature (T°), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphate (TP), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. Along with the measured water quality variables, variables extracted from land use and soils maps were assessed for their spatial and temporal trends, followed by an analysis of their relationships using correlation and redundancy analysis methods. In the Sebeya catchment, several water quality variables (e.g., BOD, DO, E. coli, pH, T°, TN, TP, TSS, and turbidity) showed spatial, annual, and seasonal variations and were correlated to various extents with the explanatory land use variables. Generally, indicators of inferior water quality were inversely correlated with the extent of terraced agricultural lands. Water quality variables showed a strong positive correlation with the wet season and also varied over the dry season. Human settlements were positively correlated with downstream BOD, E. coli, TSS, and turbidity. Correlations between land use and water quality variables may inform the development of suitable land use practices by policy- and decision-makers for the riparian zone of the Sebeya catchment. Radical terraces can serve as a tool to reduce soil erosion and improve water quality in the Sebeya catchment, particularly if coupled with water recycling techniques and field management options such as vegetation cover and riser protection that reinforce the security of terraces, the efficiency of water retention, and land productivity.



中文翻译:

在卢旺达使用激进梯田控制侵蚀和改善水质:Sebeya 流域的案例研究

卢旺达被称为“千山之国”,面临着易受侵蚀的地貌和长期人为力量改变自然景观、造成大量水土流失并对地表水产生不利影响所带来的严重水土流失挑战。反坡台地,在卢旺达被称为“激进梯田”,它创造了带有陡峭河岸和稳定立管的反坡台地,以减少水土流失。本研究使用卢旺达 Sebeya 集水区农田侵蚀和地表水质指标,调查了重新实施激进梯田的影响。在 Sebeya 河沿岸的 12 个战略地点收集了水样,实验室分析测量了生化需氧量 (BOD)、化学需氧量 (COD)、溶解氧 (DO)、大肠杆菌、pH、温度 (T°)、总氮 (TN)、总磷酸盐 (TP)、总悬浮固体 (TSS) 和浊度。除了测量的水质变量外,还评估了从土地利用和土壤图中提取的变量的空间和时间趋势,然后使用相关性和冗余分析方法分析了它们之间的关系。在 Sebeya 流域,几个水质变量(例如,BOD、DO、大肠杆菌、pH、T°、TN、TP、TSS 和浊度)显示空间、年度和季节变化,并在不同程度上与解释性土地利用变量相关。一般来说,水质较差的指标与梯田农田的范围呈负相关。水质变量与雨季呈强正相关,在旱季也有变化。人类住区与下游 BOD、大肠杆菌、TSS 和浊度。土地利用和水质变量之间的相关性可以为政策制定者和决策者为 Sebeya 流域的河岸区制定合适的土地利用实践提供信息。激进梯田可以作为减少水土流失和改善 Sebeya 流域水质的工具,特别是如果与水循环技术和田间管理选项相结合,如植被覆盖和立管保护,可加强梯田的安全性和保水效率, 和土地生产力。

更新日期:2021-06-01
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