While there are many studies that examine the adverse effects of behavior problems among children in out-of-home care, evidence to understand the cumulative evidence of factors that may change such behavioral paths is limited. Research indicates that children in out-of-home care tend to have higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, conduct disorders, depression levels, and suicidal behavior compared to children in the general population. To effectively mitigate the risk of behavioral maladjustment, it is important to determine variables that may change behavioral paths, and lead to better outcomes. To address this evidence gap, this study presents a narrative systematic review to examine the quantitative evidence on factors associated with behavioral development of children in out-of-home care. Findings from a total of 146 studies were extracted to investigate what the longitudinal trajectories of behavior problems for children in out-of-home care look like and what variables are associated with particular developmental paths. Results indicated that various individual and ecological variables significantly influence the level of problem behavior that developed over time. Evidence gaps, implications and recommendations for researchers, policy makers and practitioners are presented.

虽然有许多研究检查了户外护理中儿童行为问题的不利影响，但了解可能改变此类行为路径的因素的累积证据的证据是有限的。研究表明，与一般人群中的儿童相比，在家外护理的儿童往往具有更高水平的内化和外化症状、品行障碍、抑郁水平和自杀行为。为了有效降低行为失调的风险，确定可能改变行为路径并导致更好结果的变量非常重要。为了解决这一证据差距，本研究提出了一项叙述性系统评价，以检查与户外护理中儿童行为发展相关因素的定量证据。总共提取了 146 项研究的结果，以调查户外护理中儿童行为问题的纵向轨迹是什么样的，以及哪些变量与特定的发展路径相关。结果表明，随着时间的推移，各种个体和生态变量显着影响问题行为的水平。为研究人员、政策制定者和从业人员提供了证据差距、影响和建议。