Hymenopterans make up about 20% of all animal species, but most are poorly known and lack high-quality genomic resources. One group of important, yet understudied hymenopterans are parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae. Among this understudied group is the genus Cotesia, a clade of ~1,000 species routinely used in studies of physiology, ecology, biological control, and genetics. However, our ability to understand these organisms has been hindered by a lack of genomic resources. We helped bridge this gap by generating a high-quality genome assembly for the parasitoid wasp, Cotesia glomerata (Braconidae; Microgastrinae). We generated this assembly using multiple sequencing technologies, including Oxford Nanopore, whole-genome shotgun sequencing, and 3D chromatin contact information (HiC). Our assembly is one of the most contiguous, complete, and publicly available hymenopteran genomes, represented by 3,355 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of ~28 Mb and a BUSCO score of ~99%. Given the genome sizes found in closely related species, our genome assembly was ~50% larger than expected, which was apparently induced by runaway amplification of 3 types of repetitive elements: simple repeats, long terminal repeats, and long interspersed nuclear elements. This assembly is another step forward for genomics across this hyperdiverse, yet understudied order of insects. The assembled genomic data and metadata files are publicly available via Figshare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13010549).

中文翻译：

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寄生蜂的染色体水平基因组组装，Cotesia glomerata（膜翅目：Braconidae）

膜翅目昆虫约占所有动物物种的 20%，但大多数鲜为人知且缺乏高质量的基因组资源。一组重要但尚未得到充分研究的膜翅目昆虫是 Braconidae 家族的寄生蜂。在这个未被研究的群体中，有 Cotesia 属，这是一个由约 1,000 个物种组成的进化枝，通常用于生理学、生态学、生物控制和遗传学研究。然而，由于缺乏基因组资源，我们了解这些生物的能力受到了阻碍。我们通过为寄生蜂 Cotesia glomerata (Braconidae; Microgastrinae) 生成高质量的基因组组装来帮助弥合这一差距。我们使用多种测序技术生成了这个组件，包括牛津纳米孔、全基因组鸟枪法测序和 3D 染色质接触信息 (HiC)。我们的组装是最连续、最完整的组装之一，和公开可用的膜翅目昆虫基因组，以 3,355 个支架为代表，支架 N50 约为 28 Mb，BUSCO 评分约为 99%。鉴于在密切相关的物种中发现的基因组大小，我们的基因组组装比预期大约 50%，这显然是由 3 种重复元素的失控扩增引起的：简单重复、长末端重复和长散布的核元素。这种组装是基因组学在这种超多样性但尚未被充分研究的昆虫顺序中向前迈出的又一步。组装的基因组数据和元数据文件可通过 Figshare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13010549) 公开获得。我们的基因组组装比预期的要大约 50%，这显然是由 3 种重复元素的失控扩增引起的：简单重复、长末端重复和长散布的核元素。这种组装是基因组学在这种超多样性但尚未被充分研究的昆虫顺序中向前迈出的又一步。组装的基因组数据和元数据文件可通过 Figshare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13010549) 公开获得。我们的基因组组装比预期的要大约 50%，这显然是由 3 种重复元素的失控扩增引起的：简单重复、长末端重复和长散布的核元素。这种组装是基因组学在这种超多样性但尚未被充分研究的昆虫顺序中向前迈出的又一步。组装的基因组数据和元数据文件可通过 Figshare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13010549) 公开获得。