This paper presents a green manufacturing-recycling network design approach for multi-echelon electronic assembly process under a complex product mix scenario which incorporates trade-off between economic cost and heavy metal pollutants. The approach is developed by formulating the green manufacturing-recycling network into a closed-loop logistics bi-objective optimisation model, in order to alleviate negative environmental influence by applying proper cleaner production technologies. The environmental influence is quantified by pollution equivalent numbers which are integrated in the model. Moreover, the volume of the heavy metal pollutants is optimised by selecting the cleaner production level and thus is jointly coordinated with the operation cost. To solve the bi-objective optimisation model, an enhanced global criterion approach is presented to improve the effectiveness on dealing with non-convexity of the Pareto-optimal frontier with computational efficient solutions. The proposed model is implemented on a case study to verify its flexibility to handle the closed-loop manufacturing-recycling network design of different sizes, as well as to obtain trade-off between operation cost and environmental influence by the heavy metal pollutants under various scenarios.

本文提出了一种在复杂产品组合场景下的多级电子组装过程的绿色制造-回收网络设计方法，该方法结合了经济成本和重金属污染物之间的权衡。该方法通过将绿色制造-回收网络制定为闭环物流双目标优化模型，通过应用适当的清洁生产技术来减轻负面环境影响。环境影响通过整合在模型中的污染当量数来量化。此外，通过选择清洁生产水平来优化重金属污染物的量，从而与运行成本相协调。求解双目标优化模型，提出了一种增强的全局准则方法，以提高使用计算有效解决方案处理帕累托最优边界非凸性的有效性。所提出的模型在一个案例研究中实施，以验证其处理不同规模的闭环制造-回收网络设计的灵活性，以及​​在各种场景下获得运营成本和重金属污染物对环境影响的权衡.