Dysdera is a highly speciose genus of mid-sized, nocturnal hunting spiders, mostly circumscribed to the Mediterranean. The genus managed to colonize all Macaronesian archipelagos, and underwent major diversification in the Canary Islands. Here, we report on an independent diversification event on the Madeira archipelago. Based on the integration of morphological and molecular evidence, we describe 8 new species to science, Dysdera dissimilis sp. nov., Dysdera exigua sp. nov., Dysdera isambertoi sp. nov., Dysdera precaria sp. nov., Dysdera recondita sp. nov., Dysdera sandrae sp. nov., Dysdera teixeirai sp. nov., Dysdera titanica sp. nov. and redescribe Dysdera coiffaiti, Dysdera diversa and Dysdera portisancti. We synonymize Dysdera longibulbis and Dysdera vandeli under D. coiffaiti and D. diversa, respectively. Additionally, we use a multilocus target gene phylogeny to support a single colonization event of the archipelago followed by in situ diversification. We further discuss the discovered diversity patterns and their drivers. We conclude to that many of the species inhabit disturbed or fragile habitats and should be considered of high conservation concern.

中文翻译：

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马德拉群岛林虱-猎人蜘蛛属Dysdera（Araneae：Dysderidae）的综合分类学修订及其保护状况说明

Dysdera是一种高度特殊的中型夜行捕食蜘蛛，主要分布于地中海。该属成功地殖民了所有马卡罗尼西亚群岛，并在加那利群岛进行了大规模的多样化。在这里，我们报告了马德拉群岛的一次独立多样化事件。基于形态学和分子证据的整合，我们描述了 8 个科学新物种，Dysdera dissimilis sp。十一月 , Dysdera exigua sp. 十一月 , Dysdera isambertoi sp. 十一月 , Dysdera precaria sp。十一月 ，Dysdera recondita sp。十一月 , Dysdera Sandrae sp. 十一月 ,Dysdera teixeirai sp. 十一月 , Dysdera titanica sp. 十一月 并重新描述Dysdera coiffaiti、 Dysdera diversa和Dysdera portisncti。我们分别在D. coiffaiti和D. diversa下将Dysdera longibulbis和Dysdera vandeli同义。此外，我们使用多位点目标基因系统发育来支持群岛的单个定殖事件，然后是原位多样化。我们进一步讨论发现的多样性模式及其驱动因素。我们得出的结论是，许多物种栖息在受干扰或脆弱的栖息地，应被视为高度保护关注。