Pre-competitive conditioning has become a substantial part of successful performance. In addition to temperature changes, a metabolic conditioning can have a significant effect on the outcome, although the right dosage of such a method remains unclear. The main goal of the investigation was to measure how a lower body high-intensity anaerobic cycling pre-load exercise (HIE) of 25 s affects cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses in subsequent upper body performance. Thirteen well-trained college-level male cross-country skiers (18.1 ± 2.9 years; 70.8 ± 7.6 kg; 180.6 ± 4.7 cm; 15.5 ± 3.5% body fat) participated in the study. The athletes performed a 1000-m maximal double-poling upper body ergometer time trial performance test (TT) twice. One TT was preceded by a conventional low intensity warm-up (TT_low) while additional HIE cycling was performed 9 min before the other TT (TT_high). Maximal double-poling performance after the TT_low (225.1 ± 17.6 s) was similar (p > 0.05) to the TT_high (226.1 ± 15.7 s). Net blood lactate (La) increase (delta from end of TT minus start) from the start to the end of the TT_low was 10.5 ± 2.2 mmol l⁻¹ and 6.5 ± 3.4 mmol l⁻¹ in TT_high (p < 0.05). La net changes during recovery were similar for both protocols, remaining 13.5% higher in TT_high group even 6 min after the maximal test. VCO₂ was lower (p < 0.05) during the last 400-m split in TT_high, however during the other splits no differences were found (p < 0.05). Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was significantly lower in TT_high in the third, fourth and the fifth 200 m split. Participants individual pacing strategies showed high relation (p < 0.05) between slower start and faster performance. In conclusion, anaerobic metabolic pre-conditioning leg exercise significantly reduced net-La increase, but all-out upper body performance was similar in both conditions. The pre-conditioning method may have some potential but needs to be combined with a pacing strategy different from the usual warm-up procedure.

中文翻译：

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下身无氧预负荷对上身测力计计时性能的影响

赛前训练已成为成功表现的重要组成部分。除了温度变化之外，代谢调节也会对结果产生显着影响，尽管这种方法的正确剂量仍不清楚。调查的主要目标是测量 25 秒的下半身高强度无氧自行车预负荷运动 (HIE) 如何影响随后上半身表现中的心肺和代谢反应。13 名训练有素的大学水平男性越野滑雪者（18.1 ± 2.9 岁；70.8 ± 7.6 公斤；180.6 ± 4.7 厘米；15.5 ± 3.5% 体脂）参加了这项研究。运动员进行了两次 1000 米最大双杆上身测力计计时性能测试 (TT)。一次 TT 之前是常规的低强度热身（TT_低) 而额外的 HIE 循环在另一个 TT (TT _high )之前 9 分钟进行。TT_低电平(225.1 ± 17.6 s)后的最大双极化性能与 TT_高电平(226.1 ± 15.7 s)相似 ( p > 0.05 )。净血乳酸（LA）增加（增量从TT的端减去开始）从开始到TT的端部_低为10.5±2.2毫摩尔升^-1和6.5±3.4毫摩尔升^-1在TT_高（p <0.05） . La 恢复期间的净变化对于两种方案是相似的，即使在最大测试后 6 分钟，TT_高组仍保持高 13.5% 。VCO ₂较低 ( p< 0.05) 在 TT _high的最后 400 米分裂期间，但是在其他分裂期间没有发现差异 ( p < 0.05)。在第三次、第四次和第五次 200 m 分裂中，TT _{high 的}呼吸交换比 (RER) 显着降低。参与者的个人起搏策略显示出较慢的开始和较快的表现之间的高度相关性 ( p < 0.05)。总之，无氧代谢预处理腿部运动显着降低了净 La 增加，但在两种情况下，上半身的整体表现相似。预处理方法可能有一些潜力，但需要与不同于通常的热身程序的起搏策略相结合。