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Formation of a large ice depression on Dålk Glacier (Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica) caused by the rapid drainage of an englacial cavity
Journal of Glaciology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-31 , DOI: 10.1017/jog.2021.58
Alina Boronina , Sergey Popov , Galina Pryakhina , Antonina Chetverova , Ekaterina Ryzhova , Svetlana Grigoreva

In the afternoon of 30 January 2017, a catastrophic outburst flood occurred in the Larsemann Hills (Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica). The rapid drainage of both a thin supraglacial layer of water (near Boulder Lake) and Lake Ledyanoe into the englacial Lake Dålk provoked its overfill and outburst. As a result, a depression of 183 m × 220 m was formed in the place where Lake Dålk was located. This study summarises and clarifies the current state of knowledge on the flood that occurred in 2017. We present a phenomenological model of depression formation. We specify the reasons for the outburst of the system of lakes Boulder, Ledyanoe and Dålk. In addition, we carry out mathematical modelling of the outburst of each of the three lakes and estimate the flood severity. Outburst hydrographs, channel diameters, volume and duration of floods were calculated. Particular simulation results were validated with field data. In conclusion, we give an overview of the new outburst cycle of the lake system, which began in 2020 with the drainage of the lakes Boulder and Ledyanoe, and the new formation of Lake Dålk. Further research is required to improve our understanding of the lake system responses to changing external factors.

中文翻译:

Dålk Glacier (Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica) 形成一个大冰洼,这是由一个冰川腔的快速排水引起的

2017 年 1 月 30 日下午,Larsemann Hills(东南极洲伊丽莎白公主地)发生了一场灾难性的突发洪水。冰上薄薄的一层水(靠近博尔德湖)和 Ledyanoe 湖迅速排入冰川湖 Dålk,引发了其溢出和爆发。结果,在多尔克湖所在的地方形成了一个183 m×220 m的洼地。本研究总结并阐明了关于 2017 年发生的洪水的当前知识状况。我们提出了一个洼地形成的现象学模型。我们详细说明了 Boulder、Ledyanoe 和 Dålk 湖系统爆发的原因。此外,我们对三个湖泊中的每一个的溃决进行了数学建模,并估计了洪水的严重程度。爆发过程线、通道直径、计算洪水的体积和持续时间。使用现场数据验证了特定的模拟结果。总之,我们概述了湖泊系统的新爆发循环,该循环始于 2020 年,随着博尔德湖和莱迪亚诺湖的排水,以及达尔克湖的新形成。需要进一步的研究来提高我们对湖泊系统对不断变化的外部因素的反应的理解。
更新日期:2021-05-31
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