Background

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) comprises a range of conditions in which prolonged electrographic seizures result in nonconvulsive clinical symptoms. An understanding of NCSE is especially important in emergency care. Among the various causes of NCSE, an infectious etiology has been rarely reported to date.

Case reports

We report two pediatric cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis complicated by NCSE. In both cases, bilateral rhythmic delta activity (2.5–3 Hz) with occipital predominance fluctuated with the patient’s consciousness level. The paroxysmal waves disappeared completely and consciousness immediately and remarkably improved after intravenous midazolam infusion. The patients remained alive 10 and 2 years, respectively, after short-term oral anticonvulsant administration, with no epileptic seizures.

Conclusion

The etiology of NCSE was identical and the clinical presentations were analogous in the two patients. The seizure semiology differed from that in benign convulsion with gastroenteritis. NCSE was considered the prominent cause of neurological symptoms; however, the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear, including the coexistence of acute encephalopathy.

中文翻译：

---

两名小儿轮状病毒胃肠炎后非惊厥性癫痫持续状态

背景

非惊厥性癫痫持续状态 (NCSE) 包括一系列长时间的电图癫痫发作导致非惊厥性临床症状的情况。对 NCSE 的理解在急诊护理中尤为重要。在 NCSE 的各种原因中，迄今为止很少报道感染性病因。

病例报告

我们报告了两例并发 NCSE 的轮状病毒胃肠炎的儿科病例。在这两种情况下，以枕骨为主的双侧节律性 delta 活动（2.5-3 Hz）随着患者的意识水平而波动。静脉滴注咪达唑仑后阵发性波完全消失，意识立即明显好转。在短期口服抗惊厥药后，患者分别存活了 10 年和 2 年，没有癫痫发作。

结论

NCSE的病因相同，两名患者的临床表现相似。癫痫发作症状与胃肠炎良性惊厥不同。NCSE 被认为是神经系统症状的主要原因；但其发病机制尚不清楚，包括急性脑病并存。