Abstract

The Test of Practical Judgment (TOP-J) is increasingly used by neuropsychologists to measure everyday judgment ability in older adulthood. In the present study, we developed an alternate TOP-J Form B, which may be used to reduce practice effects for repeat assessment situations or in place of the original Form A. In developing the measure, special attention was given to limiting cultural bias and making items similar in content and difficulty to Form A. The TOP-J Form B was piloted in a clinical geriatric sample (N = 77) in the Midwestern U.S. Subsequently, older adults (N = 130) were recruited from several boroughs of New York City and surrounding areas (mean age = 77; mean years of education = 16; 69% female; 28% Black/African-American, 11% Hispanic). In this validation sample, both the 9-item and 15-item versions of the TOP-J Form B showed strong psychometric properties, including good unidimensional model fit in confirmatory factor analysis, preliminary convergent/divergent and criterion validity evidence, and strong inter-rater reliability, ICC (2, 1) = .93. The means and standard deviations for the TOP-J Form A and Form B were highly similar, particularly for the 9-item forms in which there was less than a one-point mean difference. Preliminary normative data for cognitively intact participants (n = 73) were established. We present means and standard deviations that will allow for the calculation of z scores as Form B scores were normally distributed. The newly developed TOP-J Form B should be useful in diverse clinical and research settings.

摘要

神经心理学家越来越多地使用实践判断测验 (TOP-J) 来衡量老年人的日常判断能力。在本研究中，我们开发了一个替代的 TOP-J 表格 B，可用于减少重复评估情况下的实践效果或代替原始表格 A。在制定该措施时，特别注意限制文化偏见和使项目在内容和难度上与表格 A 相似。TOP-J 表格 B 在美国中西部的临床老年样本 ( N = 77) 中进行了试点 随后，老年人 ( N = 130) 从纽约市及周边地区的几个行政区招募（平均年龄 = 77；平均受教育年限 = 16；69% 为女性；28% 为黑人/非裔美国人，11% 为西班牙裔）。在这个验证样本中，TOP-J Form B 的 9 项和 15 项版本都显示出很强的心理测量特性，包括在验证性因素分析中良好的单维模型拟合、初步收敛/发散和标准有效性证据，以及强大的交互作用。评分者可靠性，ICC (2, 1) = .93。TOP-J 表格 A 和表格 B 的均值和标准差非常相似，特别是对于平均差小于一个点的 9 项表格。认知完整参与者的初步规范数据 ( n = 73) 成立。我们提供均值和标准差，以便计算z分数，因为 Form B 分数呈正态分布。新开发的 TOP-J Form B 应该适用于不同的临床和研究环境。