The advancement in conservationist strategies for development of nanoparticles is elemental to the subject of nanotechnology. Green protocols are highly preferred over conventional methods as they are environmentally benign. Certain phytochemicals in plant extracts exhibit natural tendencies of bio-reduction of salts. They also possess the ability of stabilizing these reduced particles by capping them. In present study leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus, an evergreen subshrub has been utilized for production of AgNPs and CuO-NPs. Synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for their cadmium, chromium removal and antibacterial potential against S. aureus. AgNPs and CuO-NPs were optimized by varying salt concentration, leaf extract concentration and time interval to obtain better yield. UV–Vis spectroscopy was used to detect biogenic AgNPs and CuO-NPs. Wavelength range used for AgNPs and CuO-NPs was 300–700 and 200–700 nm successively. The morphology of nanoparticles was determined to be spherical and within 100 nm using SEM images. FT-IR investigation confirmed the presence of amines and alcohols in AgNPs. IR spectra of CuO-NPs revealed the ubiety of aldehydes/ ketones and carboxylic acids. The average distribution for silver was 602.9 nm and for copper was1066 nm as confirmed by DLS analysis. Further zeta-potential for AgNPs and CuO-NPs was recorded -16.4 mV and -6.18 mV. Kirby Bauer test for S.aureus show maximum ZOI i.e. 16 mm in case of AgNP (50 µl) and 10 mm in case of CuO-NP (50 µl). Highest chromium and cadmium removal was observed in case of biogenic silver nanoparticles i.e. 47.84% and 5.68% respectively. This is the first work that presents a comparative study of biogenic AgNPs and CuO-NPs from the leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus. Our findings can also help in improving the current scenario of metalloid pollution in soil and water environments. Hence, proper scaling up can make biogenic AgNPs and CuO-NPs a noteworthy tool in industries as well.

纳米粒子开发保护策略的进步是纳米技术主题的基本要素。绿色协议比传统方法更受青睐，因为它们对环境无害。植物提取物中的某些植物化学物质表现出生物还原盐的自然趋势。它们还具有通过覆盖它们来稳定这些还原颗粒的能力。在目前的长春花叶提取物研究中，常绿亚灌木已被用于生产 AgNPs 和 CuO-NPs。对合成的纳米粒子的镉、铬去除和对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌潜力进行了评估. 通过改变盐浓度、叶提取物浓度和时间间隔来优化 AgNPs 和 CuO-NPs，以获得更好的产量。UV-Vis 光谱用于检测生物 AgNPs 和 CuO-NPs。用于 AgNPs 和 CuO-NPs 的波长范围依次为 300-700 和 200-700 nm。使用SEM图像确定纳米颗粒的形态为球形并且在100nm内。FT-IR 研究证实了 AgNP 中存在胺和醇。CuO-NPs 的红外光谱揭示了醛/酮和羧酸的稳定性。银的平均分布为 602.9 nm，铜的平均分布为 1066 nm，如 DLS 分析所证实。AgNP和CuO-NP的进一步ζ电位记录为-16.4 mV和-6.18 mV。金黄色葡萄球菌的柯比鲍尔（ Kirby Bauer）测试显示最大 ZOI，即在 AgNP (50 µl) 的情况下为 16 mm，在 CuO-NP (50 µl) 的情况下为 10 mm。在生物银纳米粒子的情况下观察到最高的铬和镉去除率，即分别为 47.84% 和 5.68%。这是第一项对来自长春花叶提取物的生物 AgNPs 和 CuO-NPs 进行比较研究的工作。我们的发现还有助于改善土壤和水环境中类金属污染的现状。因此，适当的放大可以使生物 AgNPs 和 CuO-NPs 成为工业中值得注意的工具。