The onshore Cretaceous Zululand Basin of South Africa was investigated for CO₂ storage potential using NZA, ZA, ZB, and ZC boreholes drilled by Petroleum Oil and Gas Corporation of South Africa in the 1960s for hydrocarbon exploration. Basin fill comprises clastic sedimentary rocks, pyroclastic deposits and carbonates of the Makatini, Mzinene and St. Lucia formations. Digital image analyses showed 20% average porosity and ca. 1.0 mD permeability for Aptian and Cenomanian sandstones, identified for CO₂ storage. Siltstones overlying the sandstones were identified as caprocks. XRD analysis shows that the average composition of the sandstones is 34.45 wt% quartz, 29.53 wt% feldspars, 2.40 wt% micas, 32.91 wt% clays, 3.10 wt% Fe-oxides, 4.44 wt% carbonates and 2.00 wt% organic materials, with sulphides and sulphates traces, which is supported by petrography and SEM. XRF results for sandstone geochemistry range from 29.72 – 62.51 wt% SiO₂, 6.95 – 13.44 wt% Al₂O₃, 3.06 – 48.81 wt% CaO, 1.90 – 4.51 wt% MgO, 1.04 – 2.19 wt% K₂O, 1.00 – 3.67 wt% Na₂O, and low TiO₂, Cr₂O₃, P₂O₅ contents. Siltstones show similar mineral composition and geochemistry to sandstones, but are fine-grained, impermeable with porosity below 5%, and have a high clay content. CO₂-H₂O-rock interaction experiments were performed under 100 °C and 100 bars using autoclaves and showed reaction of sandstones and siltstones with scCO₂. These rocks are geomechanically soft and recorded a maximum of 15 MPa using Enerpac P141 apparatus. Further geochemical and geomechanical modelling is necessary to fully understand the in-situ behaviour of these rocks.

使用南非石油和天然气公司在 1960 年代钻探的用于碳氢化合物勘探的 NZA、ZA、ZB 和 ZC 钻孔，研究了南非陆上白垩纪祖鲁兰盆地的 CO ₂封存潜力。盆地填充物包括碎屑沉积岩、火山碎屑沉积物和 Makatini、Mzinene 和 St. Lucia 地层的碳酸盐。数字图像分析显示 20% 的平均孔隙率和约。Aptian 和 Cenomanian 砂岩的 1.0 mD 渗透率，确定为 CO ₂贮存。覆盖在砂岩上的粉砂岩被确定为盖层。XRD 分析表明，砂岩的平均成分为 34.45 wt% 的石英、29.53 wt% 的长石、2.40 wt% 的云母、32.91 wt% 的粘土、3.10 wt% 的氧化铁、4.44 wt% 的碳酸盐和 2.00 wt% 的有机材料，以及硫化物和硫酸盐痕量，由岩相学和 SEM 支持。XRF为砂岩地球化学范围结果从29.72 - 62.51％（重量）的SiO ₂，6.95 - 13.44重量％的Al ₂ ö ₃，3.06 - 48.81重量％的CaO，1.90 - 4.51％（重量）的MgO，1.04 - 2.19重量％K ₂ O，1.00 - 3.67 wt% Na ₂ O，低TiO ₂、Cr ₂ O ₃、P ₂ O ₅内容。粉砂岩显示出与砂岩相似的矿物组成和地球化学特征，但颗粒细、不渗透，孔隙度低于 5%，并且粘土含量高。CO ₂ -H ₂ O-岩石相互作用实验是在100 °C 和100 bar 下使用高压釜进行的，结果显示砂岩和粉砂岩与scCO ₂发生反应。这些岩石在地质力学上是软的，使用 Enerpac P141 设备记录的最大压力为 15 兆帕。进一步的地球化学和地质力学建模对于充分了解这些岩石的原位行为是必要的。