High-rise teaching buildings are complex public buildings integrating the evacuation risk of teaching buildings and high-rise buildings. In this regard, studying the evacuation characteristics of high-rise teaching buildings is paramount for a safe and fast evacuation. In this paper, we first analysed whether the obstacles in the classrooms would be beneficial to the overall evacuation. Obstacle and obstacle-free models of a high-rise teaching building were constructed and simulated using the Pathfinder software. The simulation results of the two models were compared and analysed in terms of the evacuation time and evacuation conditions on the main floors. The physical mechanism where obstacles influence the evacuation process was analysed considering the evacuation density and path. This influence was further investigated using the obstacle model by varying the number of evacuees, assigning safety exits, and changing the obstacle settings. The results showed that a dense and regular arrangement of the desks as obstacles in the classrooms could yield a more reasonable evacuee density distribution while playing a positive role in physically segregating and diverting the crowd and restricting the evacuation path. Thus, the overall evacuation time in the obstacle model was lower than in the obstacle-free model. However, this positive impact varied to different degrees when varying the number of people and obstacle setting and the constraints of the stairway capacity. The evacuation time could be further reduced by designating safety exits for some people and changing the arrangement of the obstacles by considering the behavioural characteristics of people walking alongside. Our research showed that standard evacuation order, reasonable arrangement of the desks in the classrooms, and obstacle-free evacuation passageways are conducive to evacuation management in high-rise teaching buildings. We suggest improving the evacuation drills for a more rational distribution of the evacuation routes and for a more scientific designation of the evacuation exits.

高层教学楼是集教学楼和高层建筑疏散风险于一体的复杂公共建筑。对此，研究高层教学楼的疏散特性对于安全快速疏散至关重要。在本文中，我们首先分析了教室中的障碍物是否有利于整体疏散。使用Pathfinder软件构建并模拟了某高层教学楼的障碍物和无障碍物模型。从主要楼层的疏散时间和疏散条件等方面对两种模型的仿真结果进行对比分析。考虑疏散密度和疏散路径，分析障碍物影响疏散过程的物理机制。通过改变疏散人数、分配安全出口和改变障碍物设置，使用障碍物模型进一步研究了这种影响。结果表明，课桌作为障碍物密集而规则的布置可以产生更合理的疏散密度分布，同时对物理隔离和疏散人群以及限制疏散路径起到积极作用。因此，障碍模型中的总体疏散时间低于无障碍模型。然而，当改变人数和障碍物设置以及楼梯容量的限制时，这种积极影响在不同程度上有所不同。通过为部分人员指定安全出口，并考虑并排行人的行为特征，改变障碍物的布置，可以进一步缩短疏散时间。我们的研究表明，规范的疏散秩序、合理的课桌布置、无障碍疏散通道有利于高层教学楼的疏散管理。建议加强疏散演练，使疏散路线布局更合理，疏散出口设置更科学。